用于能源生产和储存的纳米材料的设计和性能研究
[Abstract]:Energy crisis has become the most important problem facing mankind. There are two main ways to solve this problem: the production of clean energy and the manufacture of efficient energy storage equipment. Based on these two ways to solve the energy crisis, this paper studies the application of nano-materials in energy production and energy storage. The specific contents of the study are as follows: 1. Study on catalytic materials for photocatalytic decomposition of water in clean energy production. The synthesis of silicon nanowire array (Silicon Nanowires Arrays, Si NWs) and its photocatalytic performance for water decomposition were studied in this paper. The contents of this study are as follows: Si NWs, was synthesized by metal-assisted etching on different doped Si substrates (p-type and n-type) and a small amount of nano-Pt particles were loaded on the synthesized Si NWs. This Pt modified Si NWs (Si NWs/Pt was used to study the photocatalytic decomposition of water. The results show that the photocatalytic water degradation performance of SiNWs/Pt is much higher than that of SiNWs and planar Si substrates, which is due to the presence of active catalytic component Pt and the high surface roughness of SiNWs array structure, which effectively improves the catalytic performance of the reaction. At the same time, the relationship between different types of Si NWs/Pt (n and p-type) and different types of catalytic reactions (hydrogen gas precipitation reaction HER and oxygen evolution reaction OER) was also studied. It is found that different types of Si NWs/Pt have different light enhancement effects on HER and OER reactions. This phenomenon is mainly caused by the difference of energy band structures between different types of substrates. In this paper, the morphology, structure and supercapacitor properties of cobalt-aluminum hydrotalcite during alkali treatment are mainly studied in the research of supercapacitor electrode materials for energy storage devices. The main contents are as follows: CoAl-LDH, was synthesized by nucleation isolation method and urea hydrothermal method respectively, and the synthesized hydrotalcite was immersed in high concentration alkali for different time, and the porous CoAl-LDH composite products were prepared. The morphology and structure of CoAl-LDH and its alkali-treated products of different time were characterized by XRD,SEM,TEM, pore structure and specific surface area analysis. The results showed that with the increase of alkali treatment time, CoAl-LDH nanoparticles gradually transformed into porous CoAl-LDH/Co (OH)-2 complex, and eventually oxidized to CoOOH. by oxygen in the solution. At the same time, the electrochemical properties of CoAl-LDH and its alkali-treated products synthesized by different methods were tested to verify the relationship between the morphology and composition of the samples and the supercapacitor performance. The results show that when the alkali treatment time is 1 hour, the sample group is Co (OH) _ 2 / CoAlAl _ (LDH), and the composite material also has a unique porous structure, whether by nucleation isolation or hydrothermal synthesis of the CoAl-LDH sample, and the alkali treatment time is 1 hour, and the sample group is Co (OH) _ 2 / CoAl _ Al _ (LDH). Therefore, it shows the best supercapacitor performance, excellent cycle stability and excellent ratio characteristics in the corresponding series of products.
【学位授予单位】:北京化工大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:TB383.1
【共引文献】
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