金属氧化物复合材料的制备及其对有机染料的吸附性能研究
发布时间：2019-05-10 22:43
【摘要】：随着工业的快速发展,染料对水体的污染越来越严重,染料废水的治理已成为亟待解决的重要环境问题。吸附法由于过程简单、高效、吸附剂可回收利用等优点,成为污水处理领域最常用的方法之一。与传统材料相比,纳米吸附剂因显著优势引起了科研工作人员的广泛研究。在已报道的纳米吸附剂中,铝基纳米材料(Al2O3,AlOOH)、碳材料和磁性材料因为各自独特的性能和优势,在众多纳米吸附剂中脱颖而出。本文主要研究内容和结果如下:1.以葡萄糖和铝粉作为原材料,通过水热法与热处理过程结合制备出一种分级花状的γ-Al2O3@C复合物。其中,葡萄糖在花状结构和碳包覆层的形成过程中起着关键性作用。所得三维花状γ-Al2O3@C复合物具有较高的比表面积346.2 m2?g-1,因此选择有机染料刚果红(Congo Red)详细研究了其吸附性能。实验表明,在5分钟内超过90%的刚果红可以从水溶液中被去除,且最大吸附容量可达244.5 mg?g-1,远高于大多数已经报道的γ-AlOOH和γ-Al2O3材料,因此,这种新型三维花状结构的γ-Al2O3@C复合物可以作为一种很有发展前景的吸附材料应用于废水处理领域。2.在上述合成的三维分级结构γ-Al2O3@C复合物的基础上,引入磁性纳米粒子实现磁分离,方便回收利用。采用一种简单的室温还原过程,成功制备出γ-Al2O3@C/FeCo复合物,并将其应用于有机染料橙黄II(Orange II)的吸附中。研究了不同摩尔比的Fe/Co量对复合物吸附性能的影响,γ-Al2O3@C/Fe0.32Co0.68对橙黄II表现出最好的吸附能力,最大吸附量可达933.9 mg?g-1。与单一的铁钴和γ-Al2O3@C相比,γ-Al2O3@C/FeCo复合物的吸附性能得到了极大的提升。3.采用一种简单的溶剂热法合成Fe3O4纳米晶体。在溶液热合成过程中,详细研究了氢氧化钠添加量对产物形貌演变的影响,同时记录了不同反应时间下Fe3O4晶体的生长过程。实验发现,氢氧化钠添加量可以控制产物Fe3O4晶体的粒子大小和结晶度,反应时间和氢氧化钠浓度的增加对Fe3O4晶体而言都是一个表面自由能最小化的过程。在合成过程中,水合联肼和乙二醇的作用不仅是将颗粒尺寸限制在一个较窄的范围内,也同时促进了Fe3O4晶体内部约5 nm的不连续多腔结构的形成。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of industry, the pollution of dye to water body is becoming more and more serious, and the treatment of dye wastewater has become an important environmental problem to be solved urgently. Adsorption has become one of the most commonly used methods in the field of sewage treatment because of its simple process, high efficiency and recyclable adsorbents. Compared with traditional materials, nano-adsorbents have caused extensive research by scientific research staff because of their remarkable advantages. Among the reported nano-adsorbents, aluminum-based nanomaterials (Al2O3,AlOOH), carbon materials and magnetic materials stand out among many nano-adsorbents because of their unique properties and advantages. The main contents and results of this paper are as follows: 1. Using glucose and aluminum powder as raw materials, a graded flower-like 纬-Al2O3@C complex was prepared by hydrothermal method and heat treatment. Glucose plays a key role in floral structure and the formation of carbon coating. The three-dimensional floral 纬-Al2O3@C complex has a high specific surface area of 346.2 m ~ 2 鈮，
本文编号：2474055
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of industry, the pollution of dye to water body is becoming more and more serious, and the treatment of dye wastewater has become an important environmental problem to be solved urgently. Adsorption has become one of the most commonly used methods in the field of sewage treatment because of its simple process, high efficiency and recyclable adsorbents. Compared with traditional materials, nano-adsorbents have caused extensive research by scientific research staff because of their remarkable advantages. Among the reported nano-adsorbents, aluminum-based nanomaterials (Al2O3,AlOOH), carbon materials and magnetic materials stand out among many nano-adsorbents because of their unique properties and advantages. The main contents and results of this paper are as follows: 1. Using glucose and aluminum powder as raw materials, a graded flower-like 纬-Al2O3@C complex was prepared by hydrothermal method and heat treatment. Glucose plays a key role in floral structure and the formation of carbon coating. The three-dimensional floral 纬-Al2O3@C complex has a high specific surface area of 346.2 m ~ 2 鈮，
本文编号：2474055
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