三维分层微纳结构材料的制备及其应用研究
发布时间：2019-05-23 22:25
【摘要】：近年来,环境污染问题日益严重。由重金属离子引起的环境污染问题已经被全世界所关注了。重金属离子进入水体后,会对水体中的生物造成严重危害,并会通过食物链影响人体的健康。因此,正确处理水体中的重金属离子对水资源的保护和人类的健康都是十分有意义的。我们通过简单的溶胶-凝胶法及水热法合成了三维核壳结构的Fe3O4/MgSiO3亚微球,其内核是Fe3O4亚微球,外壳是MgSiO3。将合成好的Fe3O4/MgSiO3亚微球应用于吸附水溶液中重金属离子U(Ⅵ)的实验。并讨论了溶液pH值、离子强度、吸附剂浓度、温度等因素对U(Ⅵ)吸附实验的影响。实验结果表明,U(Ⅵ)在Fe3O4/MgSiO3亚微球上的吸附受pH值、离子强度的影响很大。通过计算得知,U(Ⅵ)在 Fe3O4/MgSiO3亚微球上的最大吸附量达到了242.1mg/g。合成的亚微球材料显示了其在去除重金属离子领域的应用前景。在温和的条件下,通过简单的化学浴方法合成了三维分层的CdS/α-Fe2O3异质结纳米复合物。CdS/α-Fe2O3的光谱响应范围很宽,在可见光照射下,我们将其应用到光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)的实验中。我们研究了CdS与α-Fe2O3的摩尔比率对复合物晶型、微观结构、光吸收特性及光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)的影响。结果表明,当CdS的含量适中时(Fe原子与Cd原子的摩尔比率为1.25：3),CdS/α-Fe2O3光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)的效率最高,而且合成的CdS/α-Fe2O3稳定性最好。CdS纳米颗粒紧密接触α-Fe2O3微米花并在界面处形成了异质结构,这可能是CdS/α-Fe2O3复合物光催化活性高的原因。这些异质结构可以有效地促进光生电子-空穴对的分离,进而提高CdS/α-Fe2O3的光催化还原效率。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the problem of environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. The environmental pollution caused by heavy metal ions has been paid more and more attention all over the world. When heavy metal ions enter the water body, it will cause serious harm to the organisms in the water body, and will affect the health of the human body through the food chain. Therefore, it is very meaningful to correctly deal with the protection of water resources and human health by correctly dealing with heavy metal ions in water bodies. Fe3O4/MgSiO3 submicrospheres with three-dimensional core-shell structure were synthesized by simple sol-gel method and hydrothermal method. The core of the microspheres was Fe3O4 submicrospheres and the shell was MgSiO3.. The synthesized Fe3O4/MgSiO3 submicrospheres were applied to the adsorption of heavy metal ions U (VI) in aqueous solution. The effects of pH value, ion strength, absorbent concentration and temperature on U (VI) adsorption experiment were also discussed. The experimental results show that the adsorption of, U (VI) on Fe3O4/MgSiO3 submicrospheres is greatly affected by pH value and ion strength. The maximum adsorption capacity of, U (VI) on Fe3O4/MgSiO3 submicrospheres reached 242.1 mg 路kg ~ (- 1). The synthesized submicrospheres show their application prospect in the field of heavy metal ion removal. Under mild conditions, three-dimensional layered CdS/ 伪-Fe2O3 Heterojunction nanocomposites were synthesized by simple chemical bath method. CDs / 伪-Fe2O3 has a wide spectral response range under visible light irradiation. We applied it to the experiment of photocatalytic reduction of Cr (VI). The effects of the molar ratio of CdS to 伪-Fe2O3 on the crystal form, microstructure, optical absorption properties and photocatalytic reduction of Cr (VI) were studied. The results show that when the content of CdS is moderate (the molar ratio of Fe atom to Cd atom is 1.25 鈮，
本文编号：2484284
[Abstract]:In recent years, the problem of environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. The environmental pollution caused by heavy metal ions has been paid more and more attention all over the world. When heavy metal ions enter the water body, it will cause serious harm to the organisms in the water body, and will affect the health of the human body through the food chain. Therefore, it is very meaningful to correctly deal with the protection of water resources and human health by correctly dealing with heavy metal ions in water bodies. Fe3O4/MgSiO3 submicrospheres with three-dimensional core-shell structure were synthesized by simple sol-gel method and hydrothermal method. The core of the microspheres was Fe3O4 submicrospheres and the shell was MgSiO3.. The synthesized Fe3O4/MgSiO3 submicrospheres were applied to the adsorption of heavy metal ions U (VI) in aqueous solution. The effects of pH value, ion strength, absorbent concentration and temperature on U (VI) adsorption experiment were also discussed. The experimental results show that the adsorption of, U (VI) on Fe3O4/MgSiO3 submicrospheres is greatly affected by pH value and ion strength. The maximum adsorption capacity of, U (VI) on Fe3O4/MgSiO3 submicrospheres reached 242.1 mg 路kg ~ (- 1). The synthesized submicrospheres show their application prospect in the field of heavy metal ion removal. Under mild conditions, three-dimensional layered CdS/ 伪-Fe2O3 Heterojunction nanocomposites were synthesized by simple chemical bath method. CDs / 伪-Fe2O3 has a wide spectral response range under visible light irradiation. We applied it to the experiment of photocatalytic reduction of Cr (VI). The effects of the molar ratio of CdS to 伪-Fe2O3 on the crystal form, microstructure, optical absorption properties and photocatalytic reduction of Cr (VI) were studied. The results show that when the content of CdS is moderate (the molar ratio of Fe atom to Cd atom is 1.25 鈮，
本文编号：2484284
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