不同形貌银纳米流体的制备与物理性能研究
发布时间:2019-05-29 12:48
【摘要】:在液体中添加纳米级的金属或金属氧化物粒子制备成纳米流体,具有优异的热传输性能以及良好的光谱吸收性能,将其用作直接吸收式太阳能集热器的集热工质,可有效提高光热利用效率。本文以不同形貌Ag-EG纳米流体为研究对象,研究了纳米流体的合成方法,分析了其导热性能、粘度、润湿性能以及光热特性等物理性能,主要研究内容如下:1.采用多元醇法成功制备了立方状以及不同粒径的线状Ag-EG纳米流体;采用晶种法制备了银纳米棒,通过超声振动将其分散到EG中,制备出棒状Ag-EG纳米流体。并通过XRD、SEM以及TEM等分析测试技术对三种形貌的Ag-EG纳米流体进行了表征。2.采用KD2 Pro导热系数仪测量了Ag-EG纳米流体的导热系数,并分析了温度、质量分数、颗粒粒径及形貌对其导热系数的影响。结果表明,随着温度升高,Ag-EG纳米流体的导热系数增大,当温度从25℃升高到65℃时,导热系数最大增大率为48.60%;随着质量分数增大,导热系数增大,其中立方状Ag-EG纳米流体增大率可达57.99%;同样,粒径和形貌也是影响导热系数的两个因素,立方状Ag-EG纳米流体的导热系数最大,其次为棒状、线状Ag-EG纳米流体;通过对不同粒径的线状Ag-EG纳米流体的导热系数进行分析,发现粒径越小,导热系数越大。最后,本文将实验值与理论模型模型的计算值进行比较,发现实验值与H-C模型计算出的理论值基本吻合,误差最小为0.18%。3.采用DV2T粘度计对Ag-EG纳米流体的粘度进行了测试,并研究了温度、质量分数、银纳米颗粒的粒径以及形貌对其粘度的影响。实验结果表明,随着温度的升高,Ag-EG纳米流体的粘度减小,当温度从25℃升高到65℃时,粘度减小率均在50%以上;银纳米颗粒质量分数增大,粘度增大;通过对不同粒径线状纳米流体的粘度进行对比分析发现,随着粒径的减小,纳米流体的粘度增大;立方状Ag-EG纳米流体的粘度要小于棒状以及线状Ag-EG纳米流体。在65℃条件下,质量分数为0.020wt.%时,立方状Ag-EG纳米流体的粘度为6.83mPa·s,相对于基液EG增大了9.80%。基于此,本文将实验值与理论模型模型的计算值进行比较,发现实验值与Godson模型计算出的理论值最为接近。4.对Ag-EG纳米流体的润湿性进行了测试,通过表面张力和接触角两个方面进行研究,分析了温度、质量分数、颗粒粒径以及形貌对Ag-EG纳米流体表面张力和接触角的影响,结果发现,Ag-EG纳米流体的表面张力和接触角均小于基液EG,纳米流体的润湿性均优于基液EG。其中,立方状Ag-EG纳米流体的表面张力和接触角均为最小,质量分数为0.020wt.%时,立方状Ag-EG纳米流体的表面张力在65℃的条件下为45.042mN/m,25℃时接触角为27.5°。5.采用UV-5500紫外可见分光光度计测试Ag-EG纳米流体的透射率,并自行组装闷晒集热装置研究Ag-EG纳米流体的闷晒温度随环境温度的变化情况,分析纳米流体质量分数、纳米颗粒粒径和形貌对其光谱吸收性能和光热转换性能的影响。实验结果表明,纳米流体的光热转换特性优于EG,且当质量分数从0.005wt.%增大到0.015wt.%时,纳米流体的最高平衡温度和温升速率均增大,但是当质量分数继续增加到0.020wt.%时光热转换特性反而下降。其中,立方状纳米流体的光热特性最好,与基液EG的最大温差为12℃,最高平衡温度相对于基液EG提高了26.64%。
[Abstract]:The nano-fluid is prepared by adding nano-scale metal or metal oxide particles in a liquid, has excellent heat transfer performance and good spectral absorption performance, and can be used as a heat-collecting working medium of a direct absorption type solar heat collector, and the photo-thermal utilization efficiency can be effectively improved. In this paper, the synthesis of nano-fluid is studied by using Ag-EG nano-fluid with different morphology. The physical properties such as thermal conductivity, viscosity, wettability and photothermal properties of the nano-fluid are analyzed. The main contents of this study are as follows:1. The linear Ag-EG nano-fluid with cubic and different particle size was successfully prepared by using the polyol method, and the silver nanorod was prepared by the seed crystal method. The rod-shaped Ag-EG nano-fluid was prepared by dispersing it into EG by means of ultrasonic vibration. The Ag-EG nano-fluid was characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. The thermal conductivity of Ag-EG nano-fluid was measured by the KD2 Pro thermal conductivity meter, and the influence of temperature, mass fraction, particle size and morphology on the thermal conductivity was also analyzed. The results show that, with the increase of the temperature, the thermal conductivity of the Ag-EG nano-fluid is increased, and when the temperature is raised from 25 鈩,
本文编号:2487945
[Abstract]:The nano-fluid is prepared by adding nano-scale metal or metal oxide particles in a liquid, has excellent heat transfer performance and good spectral absorption performance, and can be used as a heat-collecting working medium of a direct absorption type solar heat collector, and the photo-thermal utilization efficiency can be effectively improved. In this paper, the synthesis of nano-fluid is studied by using Ag-EG nano-fluid with different morphology. The physical properties such as thermal conductivity, viscosity, wettability and photothermal properties of the nano-fluid are analyzed. The main contents of this study are as follows:1. The linear Ag-EG nano-fluid with cubic and different particle size was successfully prepared by using the polyol method, and the silver nanorod was prepared by the seed crystal method. The rod-shaped Ag-EG nano-fluid was prepared by dispersing it into EG by means of ultrasonic vibration. The Ag-EG nano-fluid was characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. The thermal conductivity of Ag-EG nano-fluid was measured by the KD2 Pro thermal conductivity meter, and the influence of temperature, mass fraction, particle size and morphology on the thermal conductivity was also analyzed. The results show that, with the increase of the temperature, the thermal conductivity of the Ag-EG nano-fluid is increased, and when the temperature is raised from 25 鈩,
本文编号:2487945
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