多维纳米复合材料作为超级电容器和氧还原反应的先进电极材料

发布时间：2020-12-05 14:24

　　对能源需求的不断增加是当今世界面临的最大挑战之一,而且这种需求可能很快就会超过目前已知的能源转换和存储技术（如太阳能电池、燃料电池、锂离子电池和超级电容器）所能获得的能量总量。这些装置的最大输出效率似乎也已经达到所采用的电化学材料的固有极限。因此,通过控制物质尺寸、形状、几何结构以及可能显著改善这些电化学装置性能的因素来开发新的电极材料已经成为当前研究的重点。在已知的电化学材料中,纳米复合材料由于其独特的电子、机械、物理、化学和结构特性,为设计高性能储能和能量转换装置开辟了一个新的研究领域。本论文重点研究了具有不同形貌的纳米尺寸多维材料的合成及其电化学和电催化性能。具体研究内容如下:制备了一维聚吡咯纳米链（PPy-NCs）,并采用氢氧化钾（KOH）活化及在较低温度（500-800 ℃ C）下碳化。上述制备的样品用于高性能超级电容器和催化氧还原反应（ORR）。研究结果表明:800 ℃ 碳化所得的PPY-NCS-800在2 mV s-1扫描速率下,电解质溶液为1.0 M KOH溶液时,其质量比电容为1502 F g-1,并且在1500次循环后的电容保持率为93%。此外,PPy-NCs-80... 

【文章来源】：大连理工大学辽宁省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校

【文章页数】：121 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
List of abbreviations, units and symbols
1 Introduction
    1.1 Supercapacitors
        1.1.1 Comparison between traditional capacitors and supercapacitors
        1.1.2 Supercapacitors characteristic
        1.1.3 Applications of supercapacitors
        1.1.4 Energy storage mechanisms of supercapacitors
        1.1.5 Materials for supercapacitors
        1.1.6 Materials for electric double layer capacitor
        1.1.7 Materials for pseudo capacitors
        1.1.8 Materials for hybrid capacitors
        1.1.9 Importance of multi-dimensional nanomaterials for supercapacitors
    1.2 Fuel Cell
        1.2.1 Electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction （ORR）
        1.2.2 Electrochemical materials for ORR
        1.2.3 Pt-based electrocatalysts
        1.2.4 Non-precious electrocatalysts for ORR
        1.2.5 One-dimensional nanostructure materials for ORR
    1.3 Literature Review
    1.4 Motivation
2 Experimental details and materials characterization
    2.1 Starting Materials
    2.2 Synthesis of Polypyrrole Nanaochains （PPy-NCs） and KOH activation
    2.3 Synthesis of Polypyrrole Spheres （PPy-S）
    2.4 Synthesis of Polyaniline microspheres
    2.5 Synthesis of Polyaniline nanorods
    2.6 Synthesis of Fe-PANI nanorods
    2.7 Synthesis of Polyaniline nanorod-metal （Fe and Co）
2O₄">    2.8 Synthesis of Carbon Spheres （CS）-NiCoFe₂O4

    2.9 Characterizations
    2.10 Electrochemical Tests
3 One dimensional polypyrrole nanochains （PPy-NCs） with electrochemical andelectrocatalytical performance
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Result and Discussion
        3.2.1 Morphological and spectral properties
        3.2.2 Formation mechanism for the nanochains morphology and KOH activation
        3.2.3 Electrochemical performance of PPy-NCs electrode
        3.2.4 Electrocatalytical activity of PPy-NCs electrode for ORR
    3.3 Conclusion
4 Polyaniline based nanomaterials with high electrochemistry performance
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Result and Discussion
        4.2.1 Formation of microspheres and nanorods
        4.2.2 Morphological, spectral and thermal properties
        4.2.3 Electrochemical performance of polyaniline-based electrode
        4.2.4 Electrocatalytic activity of polyaniline-based electrode
    4.3 Conclusion
2O₄with enhanced electrochemical properties">5 Three dimensional chrysanthemum-flower like morphology of carbon sphere （CS）-NiCoFe₂O₄with enhanced electrochemical properties
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Result and Discussion
        5.2.1 Morphological and structural properties
        5.2.2 Electrochemical performance
        5.2.3 Electrocatalytical activity towards ORR
    5.3 Conclusion
6 Conclusions and Prospects
    6.1 Conclusions
    6.2 Innovation Points
    6.3 Prospects
References
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
About the Author
Published Academic Papers during PhD Period


【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]碱炭比及活化温度对稻壳活性炭极微孔的影响[J]. 李大伟,马腾飞,田原宇,朱锡锋,乔英云.  无机材料学报. 2015(01)



本文编号：2899593

boshi