船用天文定位计算器的研制

发布时间：2018-01-09 03:11

本文关键词：船用天文定位计算器的研制　出处：《天津理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：天文定位是一门利用天体对海上船舶进行定位的技术。它定位的设备简单、可靠;观测的目标是自然天体,因而不受人为控制;定位过程不会发射任何声、光和电波而具有隐蔽性与抗干扰性,但它受自然条件限制,不能全天候导航,定位时间长,定位过程复杂,定位精度低。将单片机技术应用于天文航海定位,为传统的天文航海定位的进一步发展与完善,提供了新的思路与理念,而船用天文航海定位计算器的研制就是其中的一个重要的研究方向。船用天文定位计算器不仅解决了船舶定位滞后性的问题,而且缩短了定位时间,使船舶的定位更加精确,并且操作简单、方便携带。本设计基于STM32单片机技术,以天文定位原理为理论基础,对船用天文定位计算器进行设计研制。船用天文定位计算器系统以ARM Cortex-M3微处理器作为控制核心,负责数据处理、运算及计算器界面实现,以TFT液晶屏为显示单元,以电阻式触摸屏为输入单元。本文依据天文定位原理,对单天体定位、双天体定位、三天体定位构造数学模型,运用相关计算公式对观测的天体定位数据进行数据处理并进行各天体定位程序的编制。完成了船用计算器系统各程序模块的编写和写入,如时钟模块及延时模块、液晶显示模块、串口模块、触摸模块、按键模块、显示界面模块,以及对二元一次超越方程的求解编程和误差补偿编程。航海定位不能完全的依赖卫星导航定位系统,如GPS系统、伽利略导航系统和北斗导航系统。随着科学技术在天文定位的应用和天文定位理论完善发展,天文定位一定会成为卫星导航定位的有效补充;当卫星定位出现问题时,船用天文定位计算器可以有效的保障船舶和人身安全。
[Abstract]:Astronomical positioning is a technology that uses celestial bodies to locate ships at sea. Its equipment is simple and reliable. The object of observation is a natural celestial body and is therefore not under human control; The positioning process does not emit any sound, light and radio waves, but it is hidden and anti-jamming, but it is limited by natural conditions, can not be all-weather navigation, positioning time is long, positioning process is complex. The application of singlechip technology in astronomical navigation provides new ideas and ideas for the further development and improvement of traditional astronomical navigation positioning. The development of marine astronomical navigation positioning calculator is one of the important research directions. The ship astronomical positioning calculator not only solves the problem of ship positioning lag, but also shortens the positioning time. The positioning of the ship is more accurate, easy to operate and easy to carry. This design is based on the STM32 single-chip technology and the astronomical positioning principle as the theoretical basis. The ship astronomical positioning calculator is designed and developed. The marine astronomical positioning calculator system takes ARM Cortex-M3 microprocessor as the control core and is responsible for data processing. The operation and computer interface are realized with TFT LCD screen as display unit and resistive touch screen as input unit. According to the principle of astronomical positioning the single celestial body and double celestial body are located in this paper. A mathematical model for the positioning of three celestial bodies. The data processing of the observed celestial positioning data and the programming of each celestial positioning program are carried out by using the relevant calculation formulas. The program modules of the marine computer system are written and written. Such as clock module and delay module, LCD module, serial module, touch module, key module, display interface module. As well as the binary primary transcendental equation solving programming and error compensation programming. Navigation positioning can not completely rely on satellite navigation and positioning system, such as GPS system. Galileo navigation system and Beidou navigation system. With the application of science and technology in astronomical positioning and the perfect development of astronomical positioning theory, astronomical positioning will be an effective supplement to satellite navigation and positioning. When the satellite positioning problem, the ship astronomical positioning calculator can effectively protect the ship and personal safety.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U666.13

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