X波段船舶导航雷达天线系统研究与实现

发布时间：2018-03-01 09:52

本文关键词： 船舶导航雷达波导缝隙阵列天线馈电系统天线伺服系统零折射率材料　出处：《南京信息工程大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：船舶导航雷达是海上船只的必备装备,用以观测周边的岸线、桥梁以及浮标等。天线系统作为雷达系统的主要组成部分之一,其指标直接影响整个雷达的工作性能。目前,许多中型船舶导航雷达使用一种采用波导管单端馈电、终端接负载的行波天线。该结构天线不仅馈电较为繁琐,传输损耗相对较大,而且由于结构的非对称性破坏了天线的平衡,给伺服系统的抗风性设计带来了难度。本文从性能指标、设计周期以及加工难易等多个角度研究分析了新型船用天线的设计。本设计中采用中间同轴馈电的方式,不仅仅降低了伺服系统的设计难度也减小了馈电传输损耗。同时,文中以驻波天线代替行波天线,避免了终端负载带来的电磁能量损耗。在天线的阵列设计上,本文使用了一种添加阵列划分板的近似设计方法,使得阵列天线设计周期较短,同时实验证明了该方法的可行性。实验结果表明,该天线增益可达28.3dB,第一旁瓣电平低于-20.5dB,水平波束宽度为2.1°。另外,本文对零折射率材料作了简要的研究分析,试图将零折射率材料用于船用天线。仿真结果表明,在不增大天线口径面的情况下零折射率材料可以提高船舶导航雷达天线的增益。
[Abstract]:Ship navigation radar is an essential equipment for ships at sea to observe the surrounding shore lines, bridges and buoys. As one of the main components of radar system, the antenna system has a direct impact on the performance of the whole radar. Many medium-size ship navigation radars use a traveling wave antenna with a single end feed of waveguide tube and a terminal load. The structure antenna is not only complicated in feeding, but also has a relatively large transmission loss. Because the asymmetry of the structure destroys the balance of the antenna, it is difficult to design the wind resistance of the servo system. In this paper, the design of a new type of marine antenna is studied and analyzed from the aspects of performance index, design cycle and difficulty in machining, etc. In this design, the mode of intermediate coaxial feeding is used in the design. It not only reduces the design difficulty of servo system, but also reduces the transmission loss. At the same time, standing wave antenna is used instead of traveling wave antenna to avoid the electromagnetic energy loss caused by terminal load. In this paper, an approximate design method of adding array partition board is used, which makes the design period of array antenna shorter, and the feasibility of the method is proved by experiments. The experimental results show that, The gain of the antenna can reach 28.3 dB, the level of the first side lobe is lower than -20.5 dB, and the horizontal beam width is 2.1 掳. In addition, the zero refractive index material is analyzed briefly, and the zero refractive index material is tried to be used in marine antenna. The simulation results show that, The gain of ship navigation radar antenna can be improved by zero refractive index material without increasing antenna aperture.
【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U665.22

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