船舶推进轴系动态负荷测试关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 21:00

本文选题：轴系校中　切入点：电阻应变片法　出处：《大连理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：船舶在实际航行时轴系受到主机激振力、螺旋桨水动力、油膜压力等各类动态因素影响作用。随着船舶大型化趋势,船舶主机功率越来越高,传动轴越来越粗,这些动态因素的影响也越来越大。这就使船舶轴系在静止时的轴承负荷与运行时的轴承负荷不相同。传统的轴系负荷测量都只是针对船舶轴系静止状态时测量的,而无法测量轴系转动时的动态负荷,这与船舶运行实际情况不符。目前尚未有一套测量系统可以测量船舶轴系运转时的动态负荷。本文基于电阻应变法对轴系动态负荷测量技术展开研究。首先研究动态负荷计算算法,采集完整的应变波形,结合数字滤波技术对采集的信号进行频域分析,设计数字滤波器滤除相关误差点。通过分析轴转动时的应变波形,推导出轴系截面最大应变值,算得轴截面弯矩,结合力和弯矩的平衡方程,求出各轴承负荷分配情况。其次,在算法研究的基础上,本文开发了动态负荷测试的测量硬件系统,通过无线应变发射和接收装置来采集应变片上的动态应变信号；选择合适的磁敏转角传感器来记录应变片转动角度。根据测量设备设计相应的测量流程,并按照算法以及硬件操作流程采用VB.NET和MATLAB混合编程的方法开发相应的测量软件程序。并通过实船测量计算来证明船舶轴系动态负荷测试系统的可行性。
[Abstract]:The shafting is affected by various dynamic factors, such as the exciting force of the main engine, the hydrodynamic force of the propeller, the oil film pressure and so on.With the trend of large-scale ship, the power of the main engine is higher and the driving shaft is thicker. The influence of these dynamic factors is more and more great.This makes the bearing load of the ship shafting at rest different from the bearing load in operation.The traditional shafting load measurement is only aimed at the static state of the ship shafting, but it can not measure the dynamic load when the shafting rotates, which is not in accordance with the actual operation of the ship.At present, there is no measuring system to measure the dynamic load of ship shafting.In this paper, the dynamic load measurement technology of shafting is studied based on resistance strain method.Firstly, the dynamic load calculation algorithm is studied, the complete strain waveform is collected, the frequency domain analysis of the collected signal is carried out with the digital filtering technology, and the digital filter is designed to filter the relative error points.By analyzing the strain waveform of shaft rotation, the maximum strain value of shaft system section is deduced, and the equilibrium equations of axial section bending moment, binding force and bending moment are calculated, and the load distribution of each bearing is obtained.Secondly, based on the research of the algorithm, the hardware system of dynamic load measurement is developed, which collects the dynamic strain signal on the strain gauge by wireless strain transmitting and receiving device.Select the appropriate magnetic sensor to record the rotation angle of strain gauge.The corresponding measurement flow is designed according to the measuring equipment, and the corresponding measurement software program is developed according to the algorithm and the hardware operation flow by using the mixed programming method of VB.NET and MATLAB.The feasibility of the dynamic load testing system of ship shafting is proved by actual ship measurement calculation.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U664.21

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