高频地波雷达海上目标航迹探测算法研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 05:41

本文选题：高频地波雷达 + AIS　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：海洋是国民经济可持续发展的战略空间,也是国家安全的重要屏障,因此各国都很重视海洋安全的监测。高频地波雷达(High Frequency Surface Wave Radar, HFSWR)利用高频电磁波在地球表面绕射效应使电波沿地球曲面层传播,实现超视距探测。因其超视距、大范围、全天候、低成本等优点,已成为海洋监测的重要手段,实现对专属经济区的有效监测,维护国家海洋权益。所以,运用高频地波雷达对海上目标的航迹进行相关算法研究具有实际应用价值。本文通过高频地波雷达对海上目标点迹数据的探测,发展合适的航迹生成算法,实现目标航迹的生成及跟踪探测。论文主要完成以下研究内容：数据的分析及处理：对实测的高频地波雷达的点迹数据及舰船自动识别系统(Automatic Identification System, AIS)数据的特点进行分析,并将原始二进制数据格式转换为.txt文本格式,从数据信息中提取出航迹生成所用到的参数。确定航迹起始及生成算法：完成修正逻辑法来设定航迹的起始,解决了目标在个别时刻消失不会对相应的关联造成太大影响及海杂波干扰的问题。分析了航迹起始、数据关联、跟踪滤波及航迹终结的航迹跟踪原理及算法,航迹稳定之后,如果目标出现了暂时消失,采用自适应α-β滤波算法和常增益α-p滤波算法继续跟踪和锁定其运动规律,延续适当批次的航迹,目标再次出现即可实现继续跟踪。数据关联：航迹生成过程中目标量测点迹与已生成航迹进行关联选用最近邻的数据关联方法,使用数据中的角度、距离和径向速度作为关联特征信息,设置关联波门将一定时间内的点迹数据和航迹数据进行关联判定。生成航迹的验证：将利用自适应α-p滤波算法和常增益α-β滤波算法各自生成的高频地波雷达目标航迹分别与同步AIS航迹进行关联判断,验证航迹生成算法的有效性,且从关联结果可以区分合作与非合作船只,提高了生成航迹的准确度。设计舰船监测系统：舰船监测应用系统的设计环境是Visual Studio2010、编程语言是C#语言。系统实现的主要功能有高频地波雷达探测到点迹信息的数据定位、AIS信息的数据定位、读取并显示自适应α-β滤波算法和常增益α-β滤波算法生成的航迹、最近邻算法航迹关联结果显示、放大缩小地图以及利用经纬度的信息查找数据。
[Abstract]:Ocean is not only the strategic space for the sustainable development of national economy, but also an important barrier for national security. Therefore, many countries attach great importance to the monitoring of marine security.High Frequency Surface Wave radar (HFSWR) makes use of the diffraction effect of high frequency electromagnetic wave on the surface of the earth to make the radio wave propagate along the surface of the earth, so that the over-the-horizon detection can be realized.Because of its advantages of over-the-horizon, wide range, all-weather and low cost, it has become an important means of ocean monitoring, which can effectively monitor the exclusive economic zone and safeguard the national marine rights and interests.Therefore, it has practical application value to study the correlation algorithm of sea target track by using high frequency ground wave radar.In this paper, an appropriate track generation algorithm is developed to generate and track the target track by using the high frequency ground wave radar to detect the track data of the target at sea.The main contents of this paper are as follows: data analysis and processing: the characteristics of spot track data and automatic Identification system (AIS) data of HHF ground wave radar are analyzed.The original binary data format is converted to .txt text format, and the parameters used for track generation are extracted from the data information.The algorithm of track initiation and generation is determined: the modified logic method is completed to set the start of the track, which solves the problem that the disappearance of the target at a particular time will not cause too much influence on the corresponding association and the sea clutter interference.The track tracking principles and algorithms of track initiation, data association, tracking filtering and track termination are analyzed. After the track is stabilized, if the target appears to disappear temporarily,The adaptive 伪-尾 filtering algorithm and constant gain 伪-p filter algorithm are used to track and lock the motion of the target.Data association: in the course of track generation, the target measured track is associated with the generated track using the nearest neighbor data association method, and the angle, distance and radial velocity in the data are used as the correlation characteristic information.Set the correlation wave keeper in a certain time point trace data and track data to determine the association.Verification of generated track: the target tracks generated by adaptive 伪 -p filtering algorithm and constant gain 伪-尾 filter algorithm are correlated with synchronous AIS tracks, respectively, to verify the effectiveness of the track generation algorithm.From the correlation results, the cooperative and non-cooperative vessels can be distinguished, and the accuracy of track generation is improved.Design of warship monitoring system: the design environment of warship monitoring application system is Visual Studio 2010, and the programming language is C # language.The main functions of the system are to locate the AIS information of the high frequency ground wave radar, to read and display the track generated by the adaptive 伪-尾 filtering algorithm and the constant gain 伪-尾 filtering algorithm.The results of track association of nearest neighbor algorithm show that the map is enlarged and reduced and the longitude and latitude information is used to find the data.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U675.7

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