游艇舱室噪声预报与控制的研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 15:16

本文选题：豪华游艇 + 统计能量分析法　；参考：《华南理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着游艇产业经济的快速发展,人们对游艇的舒适性要求越来越高。噪声作为游艇舒适性的一个衡量指标在游艇总体评价中起着举足轻重的作用。同时,国际海事组织(IMO)在2012年新修订的《船上噪声等级规则》中对船舶大部分舱室的噪声限值下调了5dB,这无疑对豪华游艇的减振降噪提出了更高的要求,因此,能够达到相关噪声要求对游艇的设计和游艇产业经济的发展具有重要的意义。本文以统计能量分析(SEA)方法为基础,运用声学软件VA One对某一玻璃钢材质的100英尺豪华游艇进行了全船典型舱室的噪声预报和分析,并对某些不满足噪声规范要求的舱室进行了降噪措施研究。本文主要研究工作如下:(1)游艇SEA模型的建立,其相关板材采用复合夹层板单元,对内损耗因子的选取采用相关实验结果,其它参数和激励源则是采用经验公式方法;(2)从噪声三因素,即声源、传播途径、接受者这三个方面,对某些不符合噪声规范要求的舱室提出了具体的降噪措施。其中声源方面,主机采用隔声罩降噪,同时分析了隔声罩壁板夹层有无芯材、隔声罩壁板夹层为空气层时的空气厚度这两种因素对机舱和其它舱室声压级的影响,对发电机提出了使用隔振弹簧的减振降噪措施;在噪声传播途径方面则是研究了具有隔离层的自由阻尼处理结构对主人舱声压级的降噪效果;接受者则是被动的采用佩戴隔声产品和轮换工作的措施。(3)以游艇的“心脏”——沙龙舱为目标舱室,进行了具体的降噪措施研究及效果分析。分析影响沙龙舱声压级的主要噪声激励成分以及对沙龙舱声压级贡献较大的板结构子系统,进而制定了两种降噪措施:一是沙龙舱底部与机舱重叠的部分使用环氧树脂单层吸声材料,机舱顶部和沙龙舱重叠的部分使用(钢板+岩棉)双层降噪材料,同时还对双层降噪材料中岩棉和钢板的厚度进行了进一步优化,得到了一个合理的参考厚度;二是通过优化沙龙舱的布置来达到降低沙龙舱声压级的目的。综合以上两种方案,通过改变沙龙舱布置的措施,其降噪效果优于第一种方案。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of yacht industry economy, people have higher and higher requirements for yacht comfort.Noise, as a measure of yacht comfort, plays an important role in the overall evaluation of yachts.At the same time, in the newly revised ship noise rating Code of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2012, the noise limit for most compartments of ships has been lowered by 5 dB, which undoubtedly puts forward higher requirements for reducing vibration and noise of luxury yachts.It is of great significance for the design of yachts and the development of yacht industry economy to meet the requirements of related noise.Based on the statistical energy analysis (EAA) method, the noise prediction and analysis of the typical cabin of a 100ft luxury yacht made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) has been carried out by using the acoustic software VA One.Some noise-reducing measures for compartments which do not meet the requirements of noise code are studied.The main research work of this paper is as follows: (1) the establishment of SEA model of yacht. The related plate is composed of composite sandwich plate element, and the selection of internal loss factor is based on the experimental results.Other parameters and excitation sources are based on empirical formula method. (2) from the three aspects of noise source, propagation path and receiver, concrete noise reduction measures are put forward for some compartments that do not meet the requirements of noise code.In the aspect of sound source, the main engine adopts the soundproof cover to reduce the noise. At the same time, the influence of the two factors on the sound pressure level of the engine room and other compartments is analyzed.In the aspect of noise propagation, the noise reduction effect of the free damping structure with isolation layer on the sound pressure level of the master cabin is studied.The receiver is passively adopting the measures of wearing sound insulation products and rotating work. (3) taking the "heart" -salon cabin of the yacht as the target cabin, the research on the concrete noise reduction measures and the analysis of the effect are carried out.The main noise excitation components affecting the sound pressure level of the salon cabin and the board structure subsystem which contribute greatly to the sound pressure level of the Sharon cabin are analyzed.Then two kinds of noise reduction measures have been developed: one is that the part of the bottom of the salon cabin overlaps with the engine room using epoxy resin monolayer sound absorber, and the part of the top of the engine room and the part of the salon cabin overlap using the (steel sheet rock wool) double layer noise reduction material.At the same time, the thickness of rock wool and steel plate in the double layer noise reduction material is further optimized, and a reasonable reference thickness is obtained. The second is to reduce the sound pressure level of the Sharon cabin by optimizing the arrangement of the Sharon cabin.Combined with the above two schemes, the noise reduction effect is better than that of the first scheme by changing the arrangement of the salon cabin.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U661.44

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