船舶余热温差发电装置设计及实验研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 19:46

  本文选题：船舶 + 余热回收　； 参考：《大连海事大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着环境的污染加剧和能源供应波动给航运业造成的多次冲击,提高船舶的能源利用率已经成为人们研究的热点。温差发电作为一种热电转换技术,在余热利用方面有其独特的优势。通过温差发电技术对船舶余热进行回收利用,既能提高燃油利用率,又可减少热量的散失和污染物的排放。为此,本文针对船舶余热特点,对以船舶余热为热源的温差发电开展研究,主要研究工作包括:首先,针对某远洋运输公司的巴拿马型、阿芙拉型、苏伊士型以及VLCC四种船型的40余艘油轮,分别选取了实船运营数据进行了计算和分析,并对船舶柴油机烟气、蒸汽和缸套水等余热利用方案进行了研究,为船舶余热温差发电装置的研究奠定了基础。其次,搭建了船舶余热温差发电实验装置,分别开展了接触热阻、接触压力、热端温度、负载阻值和发电片连接方式等因素对温差发电装置影响的实验,得出各工况下的伏安特性、输出功率、开路电压和系统效率。通过实验研究发现:1)当热端温度分别为80℃、85℃、90℃和95℃时,采用导热硅脂为热交界面材料时比采用石墨导热片时最大输出功率分别提高103%、107%、105%、和107%;2)单片TEP126型号在热端温度分别为80℃、85℃、90℃和95℃时的最大输出功率分别为0.462W、0.555W、0.658W和0.766W,在热端温度分别为100℃、110℃、120℃和130℃时,最大输出功率分别为0.765W、1.005W、1.273W 和 1.568W;3)在热端温度分别为 80℃、85℃、90℃和 95℃时,16片TEP126温差发电片所得到最大输出功率分别为6.187W、7.478W、8.873W和10.388W,系统效率分别为 1.4%、1.53%、1.62%和 1.77%。最后,依据大连海事大学智能机舱的主机缸套水系统,对船用柴油机缸套水余热温差发电装置进行了设计开发。其中,对温差发电装置换热器的内部结构和装置的紧固方式进行了研究,同时对实际布置方案进行了研究。经计算,若缸套水余热可得到充分回收利用,则可产生最大输出功率在20.53kW～25.22kW之间。
[Abstract]:With the pollution of the environment and the fluctuation of energy supply causing many impacts to the shipping industry, improving the energy efficiency of ships has become the focus of research. Thermoelectric power generation, as a thermoelectric conversion technology, has its unique advantages in the utilization of residual heat. The recovery and utilization of ship residual heat by thermoelectric technology can not only improve the fuel utilization efficiency, but also reduce the heat loss and pollutant emission. Therefore, according to the characteristics of ship residual heat, this paper studies the thermal power generation with ship waste heat as heat source. The main research work includes: firstly, the Panamanian model, Aphra type of an ocean shipping company, More than 40 oil tankers of Suez type and VLCC ship type were selected to calculate and analyze the operation data of the ship, and the waste heat utilization schemes such as flue gas, steam and liner water of the marine diesel engine were studied. It lays a foundation for the research of ship waste heat differential power generation device. Secondly, the experimental equipment of ship waste heat difference power generation is built, and the influence of contact thermal resistance, contact pressure, hot end temperature, load resistance value and the connection mode of power sheet on the thermal power generation device are carried out respectively. The volt-ampere characteristics, output power, open circuit voltage and system efficiency are obtained. The experimental results show that when the hot end temperature is 80 鈩，

本文编号：1797971