深水半潜式钻井平台压载系统设计

发布时间：2018-05-08 23:13

本文选题：深水半潜式钻井平台 + 平台发展概况　；参考：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：当陆上油气资源经过长期开采之后,海洋石油成为主攻方向,走向深水及超深水是世界海洋油气工业发展的必然趋势。半潜式钻井平台和钻井船是如今全球范围内仅有的具有能够在超过1500米水深区域进行深远海水域钻探的两种装备形式。其中半潜式钻井平台是深远海勘探的主流装置之一。压载系统的设计是半潜式钻井平台设计重要的关键技术之一,平台的浮态对于其在各种工况下的性能有着极其重要的影响。美国船级社移动平台规范(ABS MODU)对半潜式钻井平台压载/卸载速率有一个强制性要求,同时该系统应能在平台假定破损条件下保证有效操作,规范对压载泵的配置有失舱的要求。本文主要根据目标平台的设计要求,在满足平台总体性能的基础上,通过学习吸收国外先进的技术与经验,按照ABS规范的要求,同时根据以往的工程设计经验对压载系统的设计进行了研究。从注入/排出方式、液位测量、阀门控制、设备配置和容量计算、系统吸入性能和阻力降估算等不同方面进行了详细的分析和全面的比较,并根据比较结果,选出适用于目标平台的最优配置方案。解决了平台在假定破损状态下至少有两台泵能够有效的排空每一个压载舱,以及平台在规范允许的最大倾斜角破损工况下系统能正常吸入的关键技术难点,保证了平台在任何规范要求的工况下均能保持正常的浮态,并满足系统风险可操作性分析(HAZOP)的要求。经过系泊试验和航行试验等的验证,平台的各项指标均已达到设计要求,亦可证明其压载系统的设计是成功的。
[Abstract]:When onshore oil and gas resources are exploited for a long time, offshore oil becomes the main attack direction, and it is an inevitable trend for the development of offshore oil and gas industry in the world to move towards deep water and ultra deep water. Semi-submersible drilling platforms and drilling vessels are the only two types of equipment in the world which can drill in deep and far sea waters in more than 1500 meters of water depth. The semi-submersible drilling platform is one of the main equipments in the deep sea exploration. The design of ballast system is one of the key technologies in the design of semi-submersible drilling platform. The floating state of the platform has an extremely important influence on its performance under various operating conditions. American Classification Society Mobile platform Specification (ABS MODU) has a mandatory requirement for ballast / unloading rate of semi-submersible drilling platforms. At the same time, the system should be able to ensure effective operation under the assumption of platform breakage, and the requirements of the specification for ballast pump configuration are lost. In this paper, according to the design requirements of the target platform, on the basis of satisfying the overall performance of the platform, through learning and absorbing advanced foreign technology and experience, according to the requirements of the ABS specification, At the same time, the design of ballast system is studied according to the past engineering design experience. Detailed analysis and comprehensive comparison are carried out from different aspects, such as injection / discharge mode, liquid level measurement, valve control, equipment configuration and capacity calculation, system suction performance and resistance drop estimation, and according to the comparison results, The optimal configuration scheme suitable for the target platform is selected. It solves the key technical difficulties that the platform can effectively empty each ballast tank under the assumption that there are at least two pumps in the damaged condition and that the platform can inhale normally under the condition of the maximum angle of breakage permitted by the specification. It ensures that the platform can maintain a normal floating state under any standard conditions and meet the requirements of system risk operability analysis (HAZOP). After the test of mooring and navigation, each index of the platform has met the design requirements, and the design of the ballast system is proved to be successful.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U674.381

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