船舶快速搭载中控制分段弹性变形的研究与应用

发布时间：2018-05-11 04:20

本文选题：船舶建造 + 快速搭载　；参考：《江苏科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着世界金融危机的深度影响，以及欧债危机、船舶融资紧张等因素的限制，造船产业呈现“复杂多变”的局面，船舶的造价和规范要求在提高，而船舶的价格却不断创历史新低，船舶的制造企业的利益被不断的压缩。现在中国已经出现小船厂不支倒地、大船厂勉力苦撑的困境。从船舶建造环节分析技术是制约生产效率的主要因素。对我国的船舶企业来说，提高船舶建造的生产效率和缩短造船周期是中国造船业走出困境、增强竞争力的主要途径。本文主要通过研究船舶快速搭载中分段弹性变形的控制，从而实现减少分段吊装的时间缩短造船的周期，为快速搭载打好基础。本文首先总结了与快速搭载相关的技术和先进测量技术，为后面改进总组和吊装方案及精度测量提供依据。其次针对76,000DWT散货船机舱区半立体分段EZ31P（EG31P+EG32P）在船台总组和吊装过程中变形过大的问题，，进行变形实际测量和有限元数值仿真计算，然后改进分段的总组支撑和搭载吊装加强方案，并将方案应用到现场施工中，测量得到分段变形已控制到精度许可范围。最后，根据吊装设计基本要素和分段总组和划分的原则，重新设计分段总组和吊装方案。本文的主要研究工作及结论如下：（1）讨论了船舶快速搭载中相关的技术。分别对平台快速总组、计算机模拟搭载、吊车快速松钩、先进测量技术及应用等技术进行介绍，给出分段在变形测量和改进总组、吊装方案时的原则和方法，对后面进行分段变形测量和改进总组、吊装方案具有指导意义。（2）针对76,000DWT散货船机舱区半立体分段EZ31P（EG31P+EG32P）在船台总组和吊装过程中变形过大的问题，采用有限元数值仿真计算了其实际总组支撑和搭载吊装状态下的应力和变形情况，得到与现场测量较为一致的结果，通过改进总组支撑方案和吊装加强方案，控制分段弹性变形，并将方案应用到现场的总组和吊装过程中，测量得到分段的变形已控制到精度许可范围。（3）同样针对分段EZ31P在船台总组和吊装过程中变形较大的问题，根据吊装设计基本要素和分段总组和划分的原则，重新设计分段总组和吊装方案，将EG31P、EG32P、EG31S、EG32S四个分段总组成全宽型分段EZ31，这样来增加分段的纵向强度使分段在吊装时不需要增加临时加强措施，并采用有限元数值仿真计算了其总组支撑和搭载吊装状态下的强度进行验算，得到分段的应力和变形情况都在要求的范围内。
[Abstract]:With the deep influence of the world financial crisis, the restriction of European debt crisis and the shortage of ship financing, the shipbuilding industry presents a "complex and changeable" situation, and the cost and standard requirements of ships are increasing. However, the price of ships is constantly low, and the interests of shipbuilding enterprises are constantly compressed. Now China has a small shipyard not to fall to the ground, large shipyards struggling to support the plight. The analysis technology of ship construction is the main factor that restricts the production efficiency. For the shipbuilding enterprises in China, it is the main way to improve the production efficiency and shorten the shipbuilding cycle for the shipbuilding industry to get out of the predicament and enhance the competitiveness of the shipbuilding industry. In this paper, the control of segmental elastic deformation in the rapid loading of ships is studied, so as to reduce the time of subsection hoisting and shorten the period of shipbuilding, thus laying a good foundation for rapid loading. This paper first summarizes the technology and advanced measurement technology related to fast loading, which provides the basis for improving the general group, hoisting scheme and precision measurement. Secondly, aiming at the problem of excessive deformation in the ship deck assembly and hoisting process of the semi-stereoscopic segment EZ31P(EG31P EG32P of the 76000DWT bulk carrier engine room area, the actual deformation measurement and finite element numerical simulation calculation are carried out, and then the general group support and hoisting strengthening scheme of the segment is improved. The method is applied to the field construction, and the segmental deformation is controlled to the precision allowable range. Finally, according to the basic elements of hoisting design and the principle of partition, the general group and hoisting scheme are redesigned. The main research work and conclusions are as follows: This paper discusses the related technologies in the rapid loading of ships. This paper introduces the rapid general group of the platform, the computer simulation and loading, the quick loosening of the crane, the advanced measurement technology and its application, etc. The principles and methods of the subsection deformation measurement and improvement of the general group and the lifting scheme are given. The hoisting scheme is of guiding significance for segment deformation measurement and improvement of the general group. Aiming at the problem of excessive deformation of 76000DWT bulk carrier EZ31P(EG31P EG32P in the ship deck assembly and hoisting process, the stress and deformation of 76000DWT bulk carrier under the condition of support and hoisting are calculated by finite element numerical simulation. The results are consistent with the field measurements. By improving the support scheme and hoisting strengthening scheme, the elastic deformation is controlled, and the scheme is applied to the whole group and the hoisting process. The deformation of the measured segments has been controlled to a precision allowable range. (3) in view of the problem that segmented EZ31P is deformed in the course of ship deck assembly and hoisting, according to the basic elements of hoisting design and the principle of subsection group and division, the piecewise general group and hoisting scheme are redesigned. The four segments EG31P, EG31S, EG32S are made up of a full-width segment EZ31so as to increase the longitudinal strength of the segment so that no temporary strengthening measures are required for the segment to be hoisted. The finite element numerical simulation is used to calculate the strength of the general support and hoisting state, and the stress and deformation of the segment are all within the required range.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U671

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