船舶轴功率检测仪的设计与研制

发布时间：2018-05-15 02:17

本文选题：船舶 + 轴功率　；参考：《大连海事大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国航运业和造船业的稳步发展,船舶制造和维修过程中的相关检验法规和体系更加完善,设计性能优良的船舶检测设备有助于确保船舶的安全运行以及船舶检验中各个环节高效的执行。轴功率是船舶动力系统中的主要性能参数之一, 直接反应了船舶动力系统的工作状态。目前,针对轴功率的测试主要是通过测量轴的扭转应变和转速两个参数,然后计算得到功率和力矩来实现。转速测量技术已相当成熟,针对扭矩测量方法主要有磁弹性型、应变型和相位差型,本文根据轴系的实际工作环境以及各方法的优缺点,选择使用应变型扭矩测量法,该方法测量范围大,精度高,且结构简单安装方便。本文研究了扭矩应变测量技术和数字无线传输技术,通过测量粘贴在轴系上的电阻应变片的变形,进而计算得到扭矩值。设计了扭矩信号的处理方案,从应变电桥输出的微弱信号经过AD620的放大,后经Butterworth二阶低通滤波器滤波,在通过STC12进行A/D转换,将数字信号送到nRF24L01并发射出去；同时接收终端的nRF24L01接收到数字信号,并由STM32对其进行处理、显示、存储。讨论了系统的抗干扰措施。首先分析了系统中可能存在的干扰来源及路径,确定了硬件抗干扰的方法,包括屏蔽、滤波和接地等。本文最终完成了基于STC12单片机的扭矩采集发射端和基于STM32的接收终端的软硬件设计,包括电源管理、信号调理、无线传输、人机交互、SDIO等子模块。在实验室条件下使用本仪器对负载设备转轴进行了测量实验,并与负载设备自带的扭矩仪和转速表数据进行了对比,系统各项功能正常,运行稳定,测量精度达到了预期目的。
[Abstract]:With the steady development of China's shipping and shipbuilding industries, the relevant inspection laws and regulations and systems in the process of ship manufacturing and maintenance have become more perfect. The design of ship inspection equipment with good performance is helpful to ensure the safe operation of ship and the efficient execution of every link in ship inspection. Shaft power is one of the main performance parameters in ship power system, which directly reflects the working state of ship power system. At present, the measurement of shaft power is mainly realized by measuring the torsional strain and rotational speed of the shaft, and then calculating the power and torque. The measuring technology of rotational speed is quite mature. According to the actual working environment of shafting system and the advantages and disadvantages of each method, this paper chooses to use strain type torque measurement method in view of the main measuring methods of torque are magnetoelastic, strain and phase difference, according to the actual working environment of shafting and the advantages and disadvantages of each method. This method has the advantages of wide measuring range, high precision and simple structure. In this paper, the torque strain measurement technique and digital wireless transmission technology are studied. By measuring the deformation of the resistance strain gauge attached to the shafting, the torque value is calculated. The processing scheme of torque signal is designed. The weak signal output from the strain bridge is amplified by AD620, then filtered by Butterworth second-order low-pass filter. The digital signal is sent to nRF24L01 and transmitted through STC12. At the same time, the nRF24L01 of the receiving terminal receives the digital signal, and it is processed, displayed and stored by the STM32. The anti-interference measures of the system are discussed. Firstly, the possible sources and paths of interference in the system are analyzed, and the methods of hardware anti-jamming, including shielding, filtering and grounding, are determined. In this paper, the hardware and software design of torque acquisition transmitter and receiving terminal based on STC12 microcontroller are finished, including power management, signal conditioning, wireless transmission, man-machine interaction, SDIO and other sub-modules. The instrument is used to measure the rotating shaft of the load equipment under the laboratory conditions, and compared with the data of the torque meter and the tachometer brought by the load equipment. The system has normal functions, stable operation and achieved the expected purpose of measuring precision.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U672.7

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