新型硅胶—氯化钙复合吸附剂性能实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 06:15

本文选题：硅胶-氯化钙 + 复合吸附剂　；参考：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：吸附式制冷是一种可以有效利用低品位能源、使用环保型制冷剂的绿色制冷技术,它符合当前能源、环境协调发展的总趋势。将船舶缸套水余热、排烟废热等低品位热能用来驱动固体吸附式制冷可以提高新造船的船舶能效设计指数(EEDI)和船舶能效运营指数(EEOI)。然而,单位质量吸附剂的制冷功率(SCP)较低限制了固体吸附式制冷的广泛应用,研发具有再生温度低且传热传质性能高的吸附制冷吸附剂成为解决这一难题的重要任务。本文针对现状,通过如下几个方面对硅胶-氯化钙复合吸附剂的性能进行了实验研究,以期加深对硅胶-氯化钙复合吸附剂的吸附性能和衰减周期的认识,本文实验研究了：(1)给定工况下,不同平均孔径的A (2～3nm)、B(4～7nm)、C(8～10nm)型硅胶30min内的吸附量变化情况；(2)氯化钙溶液质量分数对A、B、C型硅胶浸渍情况的影响；(3)不同质量分数氯化钙溶液浸渍对A、B、C型硅胶的吸附性能的影响；(4)氯化钙溶液浸渍对硅胶微观表面形貌的影响；(5)B型硅胶制备的复合吸附剂衰减周期。实验结果表明：(1)随着吸附时间的增加,A、B、C型硅胶的吸附量均呈线性增长,相同吸附时间内,A型硅胶吸附量最大,C型次之；(2)相同的浸渍时间内,随氯化钙质量分数的增大,A、B、C型硅胶的氯化钙搭载率均增大,相同质量分数氯化钙溶液浸渍下,A型硅胶的氯化钙搭载率较小,B、C型硅胶的氯化钙搭载率较大；(3)浸渍氯化钙后的A型硅胶的吸附量相对未浸渍时大幅降低,浸渍改性后B、C型硅胶的吸附量明显增加,B型硅胶吸附量增大更为显著,A型硅胶不适宜用浸渍的方法改性,B、C型硅胶适宜。(4)微观结构表征设备下观测时,浸渍氯化钙后的B型硅胶的表面粗糙度增加,凹凸表面结构增多且较为均匀,这有助于其吸附性能的增强；(5)吸附性能增强的改性B型硅胶在重复使用性能上并未表现出良好效果,重复使用次数增多后,其衰减周期减小,吸附性能极大降低。本文的研究对硅胶-氯化钙复合吸附剂应用于实际吸附式制冷系统的设计具有参考价值。
[Abstract]:Adsorption refrigeration is a kind of green refrigeration technology which can effectively use low grade energy and environmental protection refrigerant. It accords with the general trend of coordinated development of energy and environment. The use of low-grade heat energy, such as waste heat of cylinder liner water and exhaust heat, to drive solid adsorption refrigeration can improve the efficiency design index (EEDII) and the energy efficiency operation index (EEOI) of new shipbuilding. However, the low refrigeration power per unit mass (SCP) limits the wide application of solid adsorption refrigeration. The development of adsorbents with low regeneration temperature and high heat and mass transfer performance has become an important task to solve this problem. In this paper, the properties of silica gel / calcium chloride composite adsorbents are studied through the following aspects, in order to deepen the understanding of the adsorption performance and attenuation period of silica gel and calcium chloride composite adsorbents. In this paper, we have experimentally studied the given working conditions. Effect of concentration of calcium Chloride solution on the Impregnation of silica Gel with different mean pore sizes: effect of calcium Chloride solution on the adsorption performance of ABB- C Type silica Gel by Impregnation of calcium Chloride solution with different mean pore size (A / O _ 2 ~ 3nm ~ (4) ~ (7) nm ~ (1) / A ~ (8 / 10 ~ (10) nm ~ (-1) / A ~ (2 +) / C / C silica Gel with different concentrations of calcium Chloride solution Immersion on the adsorption Properties of ABN C Type silica Gel Effect of calcium chloride solution impregnation on the morphology of silica gel The experimental results show that with the increase of adsorption time, the adsorption capacity of C type silica gel increases linearly with the increase of adsorption time, and the maximum adsorption capacity of C type silica gel is the highest at the same adsorption time, followed by the second type C type silica gel adsorbed at the same adsorption time) in the same impregnation time. With the increase of the mass fraction of calcium chloride, the loading rate of calcium chloride increased with the increase of calcium chloride content. Under the same mass fraction of calcium chloride solution impregnation, the calcium chloride loading rate of the type A silica gel is smaller than that of the BU C type silica gel. The adsorption capacity of the type A silica gel after impregnation with calcium chloride solution is significantly lower than that of the type A silica gel without impregnation. After impregnation, the adsorption capacity of BC- C type silica gel is obviously increased. The adsorption capacity of B type silica gel is much larger than that of B type silica gel. The method of impregnation is not suitable for the modification of B C type silica gel by impregnation. 4) when observed under the equipment of microstructure characterization, After impregnated with calcium chloride, the surface roughness of B type silica gel was increased, and the surface structure of concave and convex was increased and uniform. The modified B type silica gel, which can enhance the adsorbability of silica gel, does not show a good effect on the reuse performance. After the increase of the repeated use times, the decay cycle of modified B type silica gel decreases and the adsorbability decreases greatly. The research in this paper has reference value for the application of silica gel and calcium chloride composite adsorbent in the design of practical adsorption refrigeration system.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U664.5

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