周期与事件双驱动下的虚拟单元动态构建问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 20:01

本文选题：虚拟制造单元 + 多期构建　；参考：《江苏科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着产品生命周期的不断缩短、产品品种的持续增加以及市场个性化要求的逐步提高，使得制造企业面临着严峻的考验。在这种动态变化的环境下，如何快速的反应动态变化的市场需求已经成为企业立于不败之地的关键。虚拟单元制造系统VCMS（Virtual Cellular Manufacturing System）是一种兼顾生产柔性和效率提高的生产创新方式之一，并逐渐成为实现多品种、小批量生产方式的有效途径。单元构建是单元实施的第一步，单元构建问题对企业能否及时响应顾客的需求起着决定性的作用。在不断变化的市场需求环境中，虚拟制造单元可以根据不同产品的需求，当任务积累到一定数量而周期性的创建虚拟单元，即某一阶段的单元构建可能并不适合下一阶段，因此有必要对单元内部配置随时进行重构。但针对制造系统中经常会有订单变化等扰动情况，当新订单出现时，原有工件一般都已配置好制造资源进行加工，在不扰动原有任务的前提下，新任务如何迅速地得到加工，也是亟待解决的问题。本文以离散型企业实施虚拟单元生产方式作为研究的背景，在对虚拟单元生产方式的研究现状上，特别是对单元构建问题进行了深入分析之后，着重研究了单元构建的动态性方面存在的问题。研究了市场需求不断变化情况下虚拟生产单元内部配置可调整的多周期动态构建问题，构建了相应的系统重构规划模型。模型设计中，考虑了动态需求、设备能力、操作顺序、负荷平衡、加工路径选择以及批量设置问题，目标是最小化操作成本、原材料移动成本、库存持有成本和生产准备成本之和，建立了相应的混合整数规划模型。针对离散型企业生产过程中经常会出现订单变化等扰动情况，研究了新订单插入的虚拟单元动态构建问题，建立了最大化零件加工路线间相似系数之和以及设备间负荷平衡、加工成本最小的多目标数学规划模型，提出了加入灾变算子的协同多目标优化进化算法求解该规划模型，并通过新工件与现有虚拟单元的相似性判断准则，使得新工件尽快得到加工，同时使制造资源得到优化。为了验证虚拟单元生产方式在离散型企业制造系统的应用，本文结合某造船企业的实际情况，说明了虚拟单元生产方式下的动态构建问题，提出了虚拟单元动态重构方案，，对改善前后的效果进行了对比，结果显示本文研究方案的可行性及有效性。
[Abstract]:With the continuous shortening of product life cycle, the continuous increase of product varieties and the gradual improvement of market individuation requirements, manufacturing enterprises are facing a severe test. In this dynamic environment, how to quickly respond to the dynamic changes of market demand has become the key to an invincible position. Virtual cell manufacturing system (VCMS(Virtual Cellular Manufacturing System) is one of the innovative ways to improve production flexibility and efficiency, and has gradually become an effective way to realize multi-variety and small-batch production. Unit building is the first step of unit implementation, and the problem of unit building plays a decisive role in the timely response of enterprises to customer needs. In the ever-changing market demand environment, virtual manufacturing cells can be created periodically according to the needs of different products when tasks accumulate to a certain number and periodically, that is, cell construction in one stage may not be suitable for the next stage. Therefore, it is necessary to reconfigure the internal configuration of the unit at any time. However, in the manufacturing system, there are always disturbances such as the change of orders, when new orders appear, the original jobs are generally equipped with manufacturing resources for processing, and how to process the new tasks quickly without disturbing the original tasks. It is also an urgent problem. In this paper, the implementation of virtual cell production in discrete enterprises as the background of the research, in the virtual cell production mode of the current situation, especially the problem of unit construction in-depth analysis, The dynamic aspects of unit construction are studied in detail. In this paper, the dynamic multi-period dynamic construction of the internal configuration of virtual production unit is studied under the changing market demand, and the corresponding system reconfiguration planning model is constructed. In the design of the model, dynamic requirements, equipment capability, operation sequence, load balance, process path selection and batch setting are considered. The goal is to minimize the operating cost and the cost of moving raw materials. Based on the sum of inventory holding cost and production reserve cost, a mixed integer programming model is established. In view of the disturbance such as the change of order in the production process of discrete enterprises, this paper studies the dynamic construction of virtual unit of new order insertion, and establishes the maximization of the sum of similarity coefficient among parts processing routes and the load balance among equipments. A multi-objective mathematical programming model with minimal machining cost is proposed. A cooperative multi-objective optimization evolutionary algorithm with catastrophe operator is proposed to solve the programming model. The similarity criterion between the new work piece and the existing virtual cell is used to determine the similarity between the new work piece and the existing virtual unit. The new workpiece can be processed as soon as possible, and the manufacturing resource can be optimized at the same time. In order to verify the application of virtual cell production mode in discrete enterprise manufacturing system, the dynamic construction problem of virtual cell production mode is explained in this paper, and the dynamic reconfiguration scheme of virtual cell is put forward according to the actual situation of a shipbuilding enterprise. The results show that the scheme is feasible and effective.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F406.2;F426.474

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