大型船舶在波浪中的响应对推进轴系的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 10:53

本文选题：船体变形 + 波浪载荷　；参考：《武汉理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：船舶推进轴系是船舶动力系统的重要组成部分，与船舶航行的安全性和可靠性直接相关。在船舶服役期间，，推进轴系的运行状态受到船体变形、螺旋桨水动力、润滑油膜等多种因素的共同影响。其中，过大的船体变形会使轴系原有的校中状态不复存在，并且影响轴系的动力特性，导致推进轴系的工作效率与使用寿命双双降低。近年来，随着全球经济的迅速发展，国际贸易越来越频繁，货运需求急剧增长，集装箱船、油船等主力船型的规模与技术参数不断增大，一些关键性问题也日益突出。在船舶动力系统方面，船舶的大型化导致了船体局部刚度相对变弱，船体变形显著增大，其对推进轴系的影响也越来越严重。特别是航行在波浪中的船体，受到波浪载荷的作用，其变形可能比静水中幅度更大变化更剧烈。然而，目前船舶的轴系校中计算一般不考虑支座处的船体变形，以此作为轴系安装施工的依据显然不够合理，轴系校中技术需要重新审视并有所改进。所以，针对船体结构与推进轴系，系统地计算各种海况下的船体变形并提出一套合理而准确的预报方法是本文的研究重点。本文以一条大型集装箱船和一条大型油船为研究对象，主要做了如下工作： (1)利用通用有限元软件ANSYS，建立了全船结构有限元模型及船轴一体模型； (2)利用水动力分析程序AQWA计算了计及水动效应影响的波浪载荷，并施加于船体结构有限元模型； (3)确定了空载、压载、满载三种基本工况，计算了不同海况下船舶轴系支座处的船体变形，并对有无轴系的计算结果进行了对比分析。本文研究表明，轴系支座处的船体变形在各种工况下呈现一定的规律，其对推进轴系的影响不可忽视。本文计算结果为轴系校中工艺的改进提供了详实的数据，所得船体变形曲线的形状和大小可以作为同类及相似船型船体变形估测的参考。
[Abstract]:Ship propulsion shafting is an important part of ship power system, which is directly related to the safety and reliability of ship navigation. During the service of the ship, the operating state of the propulsion shafting is affected by many factors, such as hull deformation, propeller hydrodynamic force, lubricating oil film and so on. Among them, the excessive hull deformation will make the original alignment state of shafting no longer exist, and affect the dynamic characteristics of shafting, resulting in the reduction of working efficiency and service life of propelling shafting. In recent years, with the rapid development of global economy, International trade is becoming more and more frequent, the demand for freight is increasing rapidly, the scale and technical parameters of the main ship types such as container ships and oil tankers are increasing, and some key problems are becoming increasingly prominent. In the aspect of ship power system, the large scale of ship leads to the relative weakening of the local stiffness of the hull, the increase of the hull deformation, and the more and more serious influence on the propulsion shafting. Especially the ship which navigates in the wave is subjected to the wave load and its deformation may be more severe than that in the static water. However, at present, the ship's shafting alignment calculation generally does not consider the hull deformation at the support, which is obviously not reasonable as the basis for shafting installation and construction, and the shafting alignment technology needs to be re-examined and improved. Aiming at the hull structure and propulsion shafting, it is the key point of this paper to systematically calculate the hull deformation under various sea conditions and to put forward a set of reasonable and accurate forecasting methods. In this paper, a large container ship and a large oil tanker are taken as the research objects. The main works are as follows: (1) the finite element model of the whole ship structure and the ship shaft integral model are established by using the universal finite element software ANSYS2) the wave load considering the effect of hydrodynamic effect is calculated by using the hydrodynamic analysis program AQWA. And applied to the finite element model of ship hull structure. (3) three basic working conditions of no-load, ballast and full load are determined, and the hull deformation of shafting support of ship under different sea conditions is calculated. In this paper, it is shown that the hull deformation at shafting supports presents certain rules under various working conditions, and its influence on propulsion shafting should not be ignored. The calculated results provide detailed data for the improvement of shafting alignment process. The shape and size of the hull deformation curves obtained can be used as a reference for the estimation of hull deformation of similar and similar ship types.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U661.32;U664.21

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