海面大型舰船目标红外成像研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 11:38

本文选题：舰船目标 + 实时性　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：航空母舰作为现代化海上战争的重要工具，，其红外辐射特性的研究已成为国内外相关军事领域的重要课题。近年来，已有一些国内学者针对海面舰船目标的红外辐射特性进行了研究，但大部分仿真结果都局限于稳态，并不能适应现代化战争的实时性要求；再者，海洋环境下的气象条件是复杂多变的，这一点对于舰船温度场的影响是很大的。如果所建立的模型并没有充分考虑这些气象参数（风速、环境温度、洋面温度）的实时性变化，那么仿真得到的结果与实际情况难免会有所差别。本文针对海面舰船进行建模，考虑外界气象参数的实时性变化，求取了舰船目标的非稳态温度场及红外辐射场。主要工作分为以下三个部分： (1)舰船目标的几何建模及相关数据文件的导出使用Auto-CAD软件建立了舰船目标的三维几何模型，并将其导入到ANSYS有限元软件中完成对模型的修正及表面网格的划分。进一步，将网格数据文件导出，并运用蒙特卡罗法完成对面元与面元间、面元与海面间、面元与天空间的角系数或辐射传递因子的计算。 (2)求解舰船目标的非稳态及稳态温度场分别模拟了太阳、天空及海面等背景对于舰船目标的辐射换热，把这些外部热源项叠加为整体的热源项，并考虑了内热源的作用、外部对流换热的作用、面元间横向导热的作用、面元与面元间多重反射的作用、面元与面元间辐射换热的作用等，建立了面元的能量守恒方程。利用隐式迭代格式，求解出舰船目标的瞬时非稳态温度场，并进一步求出某时某刻的稳态温度场。在此基础上，提出了两种反演舰船目标温度场的方法。 (3)舰船目标的红外热成像利用OpenGL图形库的遮挡函数来确定舰船目标的有效辐射面元，从而对舰船目标进行不同方位的点源辐射亮度计算。此外，采用网格裁剪法改进了传统的蒙特卡罗法成像的斑驳性，获得了能反映出舰船表面温度分布的清晰热像图。最后，考虑海面背景的重要性，运用简化的经验模型来模拟海面的红外辐射特性，对加入海面视场的舰船目标成像进行了初步探索。
[Abstract]:As an important tool of modern naval warfare, the research on infrared radiation characteristics of aircraft carrier has become an important subject in the military field. In recent years, some domestic scholars have studied the infrared radiation characteristics of sea surface ship targets, but most of the simulation results are confined to the steady state, which can not meet the real-time requirements of modern warfare. The meteorological conditions in the marine environment are complex and changeable, which has a great influence on the temperature field of ships. If the real time variation of these meteorological parameters (wind speed, ambient temperature, ocean surface temperature) is not fully taken into account in the established model, the simulation results will inevitably be different from the actual situation. In this paper, the unsteady temperature field and infrared radiation field of ship target are obtained by taking into account the real time change of external meteorological parameters. The main work is divided into the following three parts: 1) geometric modeling of ship target and the derivation of related data files. The 3D geometric model of ship target is established by using Auto-CAD software. The model is modified and the surface mesh is divided into ANSYS finite element software. Furthermore, the grid data file is exported, and Monte Carlo method is used to complete the interface between the opposite element and the surface, and between the surface and the sea. The calculation of the angular coefficient or radiative transfer factor between plane and space. The unsteady and steady-state temperature fields of ship target are solved. The radiative heat transfer from the sun, sky and sea surface to the ship target is simulated, respectively. These external heat sources are superposed as the whole heat source terms, and the effects of internal heat sources, external convection heat transfer, transverse heat conduction between surfaces, and multiple reflections between surfaces are taken into account. The energy conservation equation of a plane is established by the effect of radiation heat transfer between a plane and a plane. The transient unsteady temperature field of ship target is solved by implicit iterative scheme, and the steady state temperature field at a certain time is further obtained. On the basis of this, two methods of retrieving the temperature field of ship target are put forward. 3) the infrared thermal imaging of ship target uses the blocking function of OpenGL graphics library to determine the effective radiation surface element of ship target. Therefore, the radiance of point source in different azimuth of ship target is calculated. In addition, the mottling of the traditional Monte Carlo imaging is improved by using the mesh clipping method, and a clear thermal image which can reflect the surface temperature distribution of the ship is obtained. Finally, considering the importance of sea surface background, a simplified empirical model is used to simulate the infrared radiation characteristics of the sea surface.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U674.771

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