基于LabVIEW的船舶压载水监控系统研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 08:53

本文选题：船舶压载水系统 + 监控技术　；参考：《江苏大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：船舶配套业作为船舶工业的关键和支撑,其产业结构升级对于船舶工业至关重要。目前,国内一般采用人工压载估算船舶浮态的方式进行压载水的注排,存在着自动化程度低、劳动强度高、管系施工条件恶劣、压载效率低、安全隐患大等问题,制约了船舶配套产业的结构升级。因此,开展船舶压载水监控系统的研究,对促进船舶配套产业结构升级具有重要意义。本文基于船舶压载水系统的压载特性,进行了上下位机硬件系统的参数分析与选型,开发了上下位机监控软件系统,基于三种船舶压载分布状况,对比分析了采用两种浮态算法计算获得的船舶浮态特性。本文的主要研究工作如下:首先,进行了上下位机硬件系统的参数分析与选型。以某VLCC压载水系统为研究对象,在深入分析其压载特性的基础上,按照压载水监控系统的功能需求,规划了相应的工作流程,开展了监控系统硬件的总体设计,重点进行了上下位机硬件系统的参数分析与选型及下位机各模块的参数分析与选型,并进行了控制柜的设计。其次,进行了上下位机监控软件的开发。依据模块化设计原理,采用LabVIEW系统,开发了压载系统装卸控制软件、浮态参数动态计算软件、压载系统阀门状态监控软件、报警模块等软件;构建了压载计算的数学模型,提出了将每厘米纵倾力矩浮态算法应用到压载监控软件的开发中,提高了监测船舶浮态特性的精度;应用PLC系统设计了下位机控制模块,从而执行上位机的指令;利用OPC和DataSocket技术实现了上下位机之间的实时通讯,并在轮机工程实验室进行了联调和测试,测试结果表明:系统运行可靠,能较好地实现压载过程远程数据传输和实时监控。最后,基于三种船舶压载分布状况,对比分析了采用两种浮态算法计算获得的船舶浮态特性。结果显示:在小纵倾条件下,采用每厘米纵倾力矩法计算大型油船压载过程浮态特性时,所获得的浮态精度更高。在自动加载、自动卸载、手动调节三种模式下的某瞬时船舶压载状况,对于艏水尺处吃水,采用每厘米纵倾力矩法使误差分别减少60mm,60mm,40mm;对于舯水尺处吃水,采用每厘米纵倾力矩法使误差分别减少14.2mm,40mm,11.2mm;对于艉水尺处吃水,采用每厘米纵倾力矩法使误差分别减少60mm,23.6mm,41.6mm。
[Abstract]:As the key and support of shipbuilding industry, the upgrading of its industrial structure is very important to shipbuilding industry. At present, the manual ballast estimation of ship floating state is generally used in China for ballast water injection and discharge. There are some problems such as low automation, high labor intensity, bad construction conditions of pipe system, low ballast efficiency, and great hidden safety problems. It restricts the upgrading of ship supporting industry. Therefore, the research of ship ballast water monitoring system is of great significance to promote the upgrading of ship supporting industrial structure. Based on the ballast characteristic of ship ballast water system, the parameter analysis and selection of hardware system of upper and lower machine are carried out in this paper, and the monitoring software system of upper and lower machine is developed, based on the distribution of ballast load of three kinds of ships. The characteristics of ship floatation calculated by two kinds of floatation algorithms are compared and analyzed. The main research work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the parameter analysis and selection of the upper and lower computer hardware system are carried out. Taking a certain VLCC ballast water system as the research object, based on the in-depth analysis of its ballast characteristics, according to the functional requirements of the ballast water monitoring system, the corresponding work flow is planned, and the overall hardware design of the monitoring system is carried out. The parameter analysis and selection of the hardware system of the upper and lower computer and the parameter analysis and selection of each module of the lower computer are emphatically carried out, and the design of the control cabinet is carried out. Secondly, the monitoring software of the upper and lower computer is developed. According to the principle of modular design and LabVIEW system, the software of ballast system loading and unloading control, floating parameters dynamic calculation, ballast system valve state monitoring and control, alarm module and so on are developed, and the mathematical model of ballast calculation is constructed. The floatation algorithm of pitch moment per centimeter is applied to the development of ballast monitoring software to improve the accuracy of monitoring the floating characteristics of ships, the control module of the lower computer is designed by using PLC system, and the instructions of the upper computer are executed. The real-time communication between upper and lower computers is realized by using OPC and DataSocket technology. The test results show that the system is reliable and can realize the long-distance data transmission and real-time monitoring of ballast process. Finally, based on the ballast distribution of three ships, the characteristics of ship floatation calculated by two kinds of floatation algorithms are compared and analyzed. The results show that under the condition of small trim, the floatation characteristics of large tanker ballast process are calculated by the method of pitch moment per centimeter, and the floatation accuracy is higher. In automatic loading, automatic unloading and manual adjustment of the ballast condition of a ship in three modes, for the draft of the bow gauge, the error is reduced by 60 mm to 60 mm or 40 mm per centimeter, respectively; for the midship gauge, the error is reduced by 60 mm to 60 mm or 40 mm; for the midship gauge, the error is reduced by 60 mm to 60 mm or 40 mm, respectively. The error is reduced by 14.2 mm / 40 mm / s and 41.6 mm / cm respectively by using the method of trim moment per centimeter, and by the method of tilting moment per centimeter to reduce the draught at the stern gauge by 60 mm to 23.6mm / cm and 41.6 mm / cm respectively.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U664.92

【相似文献】