非光滑表面纹理与海洋污损生物附着关系研究

发布时间：2018-07-24 08:21

【摘要】：海洋污损生物的存在对船舶运行、检修等活动有着极大的影响。附着在船体表面的污损生物造成船舶负载增大、油耗增加、检修困难等问题，如不加以控制，会严重的影响船舶性能，造成巨大的经济损失。传统的抗污损方法一般是通过防污涂料释放重金属离子或者有毒化学物质来抑制或者消除污损生物。这样虽然可以有效的减少污损生物的附着，但是也造成了严重的环境污染。随着环境问题的日益突出，有毒涂料逐渐被淘汰，新型绿色无毒、安全高效的防污手段是抗海洋污损的发展方向。非光滑表面对污损生物附着的影响是非常明显的，论文通过机械加工和人工打磨的方法加工了不同表面粗糙度和接触角的钢板试片，选择了羽状舟形藻作为目标硅藻，并对其实验室培养方法、培养条件、保种方法做出了阐述。为验证表面参数对污损生物附着的影响，进行了实验室条件下的静态沉浸实验、冲刷实验、计数实验等一系列的实验工作，通过比较分析，确定了接触角是影响污损生物附着的主要因素。在确定接触角是影响污损生物附着的主要因素之后，，设计了一种表面微结构即V型槽，选取有机玻璃板作为加工材料，使用激光刻蚀仪进行加工，获取试板后通过附着实验验证了其具有防污的效果，但由于加工条件的限制，在对V型槽进行尺度的优化时，选择了数学建模的方法，以接触角为函数，槽宽、槽深、槽间距作为自变量，分别采用了线性建模和非线性建模的方法建立模型，对比所建模型的准确度，最终选择非线性模型作为描述V型槽尺度优化的数学模型。
[Abstract]:The existence of marine fouling organisms has great influence on ship operation, maintenance and other activities. The fouling organisms attached to the hull surface cause the increase of ship load, the increase of oil consumption, the difficulty of maintenance and so on. If it is not controlled, it will seriously affect the performance of the ship and cause huge economic losses. The traditional anti-fouling method is to release heavy metal ions or toxic chemicals to inhibit or eliminate fouling organisms. Although this can effectively reduce the fouling organisms adhesion, but also caused serious environmental pollution. With the increasingly prominent environmental problems, toxic coatings are gradually eliminated. A new type of green, non-toxic, safe and efficient anti-fouling means is the development direction of anti-marine fouling. The influence of non-smooth surface on fouling biological adhesion is very obvious. In this paper, different surface roughness and contact angle of steel plate were processed by mechanical processing and manual grinding, and the pinnacytoid was selected as the target diatom. The laboratory culture methods, culture conditions and conservation methods are also described. In order to verify the effect of surface parameters on fouling biological adhesion, a series of experiments, such as static immersion experiment, scour experiment and counting experiment, were carried out under laboratory conditions. The contact angle was determined to be the main factor affecting the fouling biological adhesion. After determining that the contact angle is the main factor affecting the fouling biological adhesion, a surface microstructure, called V-shaped groove, is designed. The plexiglass plate is selected as the processing material, and the laser etching apparatus is used to process it. After obtaining the test plate, the effect of anti-fouling was verified by the attachment experiment. However, due to the limitation of processing conditions, the mathematical modeling method was chosen to optimize the scale of V-groove. The contact angle was taken as the function, the slot width, the groove depth, the contact angle as the function, the width of the groove and the depth of the slot as the function. As independent variables, the linear and nonlinear modeling methods are used to establish the model, and the accuracy of the model is compared. Finally, the nonlinear model is chosen as the mathematical model to describe the V-shape slot scale optimization.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U664.9

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