大型半潜船船体强度的有限元分析
发布时间：2018-11-02 06:37
【摘要】：大型半潜船以其独特的船型特征和装卸方式,在特重大货物运输过程中,有着其他船舶不可比拟的性能优势。随着海上油气的开采、特种船舶和设备的运输以及海上救援打捞的需要,半潜船市场日渐繁荣。在大型半潜船运载能力不断提高的同时,对其结构的安全性要求也在不断的提高。半潜船作为在海工领域日益重要的新型船舶,因其结构形式的特殊性,常规船舶的规范并不完全适用,目前,中国船级社2012年颁布的《钢质海船入级规范》对半潜船的要求有少量描述,且大部分要求来自于经验公式;同时,大型半潜船一般运载的货物重大且价值昂贵,其在装卸过程中船体受力复杂多样,具有很大的不确定性,所以,对大型半潜船在装卸货物过程中的载荷变化和结构响应进行合理、准确的分析计算是非常必要的。本文对大型半潜船船体结构强度的计算方法进行了研究和分析,并应用通用有限元软件ANSYS对某大型半潜船的横向强度、甲板局部强度、总纵强度以及货物滑移装载过程的船体结构强度问题进行了计算和分析,形成了适用于大型半潜船船体结构强度的直接计算方法,可作为工程实践参考之用。本文的主要研究内容包括:(1)运用有限元软件ANSYS,建立了满足大型半潜船各计算工况强度计算需要的船体中部舱段模型和整船模型;(2)进行了大型半潜船横向强度的计算,分析了多种工况下船体结构的载荷变化及结构响应情况,计算工况的选取综合考虑了船舶在波浪中的中垂和中拱情况以及船舶在随浪、迎浪下的舷外水压对称分布情况和横浪作用下的舷外水压非对称分布情况等因素,以期对半潜船航行及作业过程的危险工况进行分析;同时,还对半潜船载运平台过程中的载货甲板区域进行了局部强度计算,分析了货物载荷不同加载方式对载货甲板局部强度的影响;(3)进行了船体总纵强度的计算,采用惯性释放方法对整船结构进行了静力分析,该方法消除了约束点反力,可准确、合理的对全船结构总纵强度进行分析与评估;(4)研究了半潜船滑移装载过程中的各种危险工况,计算了滑移装载过程船体结构的应力,重点分析了货物在滑移装载过程中载荷分布变化对船体结构强度的影响。
[Abstract]:Large-scale semi-submersible ships have incomparable performance advantages over other ships in the process of heavy cargo transportation because of their unique ship type characteristics and loading and unloading mode. With the exploitation of offshore oil and gas, the transportation of special vessels and equipment, and the need of rescue and salvage, the market of semi-submersible ships is booming day by day. While the carrying capacity of large semi-submersible ship is improving continuously, the safety requirements of its structure are also being improved. As a new type of ship, semi-submersible ship is becoming more and more important in the field of marine engineering. Because of the particularity of its structure, the norm of conventional ship is not fully applicable. The requirements of semi-submersible ships issued by China Classification Society in 2012 have a small amount of description, and most of the requirements come from empirical formulas. At the same time, the cargo carried by large semi-submersible ship is heavy and expensive, and its loading is complex and varied during the loading and unloading process, so it has great uncertainty. It is necessary to analyze and calculate the load variation and structural response of large semi-submersible ship during loading and unloading. In this paper, the calculation method of the hull structure strength of a large semi-submersible ship is studied and analyzed, and the transverse strength and deck local strength of a large semi-submersible ship are analyzed by using the general finite element software ANSYS. The calculation and analysis of the longitudinal strength and the strength of the ship structure during the loading process of the cargo slip are carried out, and a direct calculation method for the strength of the hull structure of the large semi-submersible ship is formed, which can be used as a reference in engineering practice. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) using the finite element software ANSYS, to establish the hull middle segment model and the whole ship model to meet the needs of strength calculation of large semi-submersible ship under different working conditions; (2) the transverse strength of large semi-submersible ship is calculated, and the load variation and structural response of hull structure under various working conditions are analyzed. The selection of calculation conditions takes into account the vertical and mid-arch conditions of the ship in the wave, the symmetrical distribution of the outboard water pressure under the wave following the wave and the asymmetric distribution of the outboard water pressure under the action of the transverse wave, etc. The aim is to analyze the dangerous conditions of the semi-submersible ship during navigation and operation. At the same time, the local strength of the loading deck area in the course of the semi-submersible ship loading platform is calculated, and the influence of different loading modes on the local strength of the loading deck is analyzed. (3) the longitudinal strength of the hull is calculated, and the static analysis of the whole ship structure is carried out by using the inertial release method. The method eliminates the reaction force of the constraint point, and can be accurately and reasonably analyzed and evaluated for the overall longitudinal strength of the whole ship structure; (4) in this paper, various dangerous working conditions of semi-submersible ship during slip loading are studied, and the stress of ship structure during slip loading is calculated, and the influence of load distribution on the strength of ship structure during slip loading is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U674.941;U661.43
本文编号：2305186
[Abstract]:Large-scale semi-submersible ships have incomparable performance advantages over other ships in the process of heavy cargo transportation because of their unique ship type characteristics and loading and unloading mode. With the exploitation of offshore oil and gas, the transportation of special vessels and equipment, and the need of rescue and salvage, the market of semi-submersible ships is booming day by day. While the carrying capacity of large semi-submersible ship is improving continuously, the safety requirements of its structure are also being improved. As a new type of ship, semi-submersible ship is becoming more and more important in the field of marine engineering. Because of the particularity of its structure, the norm of conventional ship is not fully applicable. The requirements of semi-submersible ships issued by China Classification Society in 2012 have a small amount of description, and most of the requirements come from empirical formulas. At the same time, the cargo carried by large semi-submersible ship is heavy and expensive, and its loading is complex and varied during the loading and unloading process, so it has great uncertainty. It is necessary to analyze and calculate the load variation and structural response of large semi-submersible ship during loading and unloading. In this paper, the calculation method of the hull structure strength of a large semi-submersible ship is studied and analyzed, and the transverse strength and deck local strength of a large semi-submersible ship are analyzed by using the general finite element software ANSYS. The calculation and analysis of the longitudinal strength and the strength of the ship structure during the loading process of the cargo slip are carried out, and a direct calculation method for the strength of the hull structure of the large semi-submersible ship is formed, which can be used as a reference in engineering practice. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) using the finite element software ANSYS, to establish the hull middle segment model and the whole ship model to meet the needs of strength calculation of large semi-submersible ship under different working conditions; (2) the transverse strength of large semi-submersible ship is calculated, and the load variation and structural response of hull structure under various working conditions are analyzed. The selection of calculation conditions takes into account the vertical and mid-arch conditions of the ship in the wave, the symmetrical distribution of the outboard water pressure under the wave following the wave and the asymmetric distribution of the outboard water pressure under the action of the transverse wave, etc. The aim is to analyze the dangerous conditions of the semi-submersible ship during navigation and operation. At the same time, the local strength of the loading deck area in the course of the semi-submersible ship loading platform is calculated, and the influence of different loading modes on the local strength of the loading deck is analyzed. (3) the longitudinal strength of the hull is calculated, and the static analysis of the whole ship structure is carried out by using the inertial release method. The method eliminates the reaction force of the constraint point, and can be accurately and reasonably analyzed and evaluated for the overall longitudinal strength of the whole ship structure; (4) in this paper, various dangerous working conditions of semi-submersible ship during slip loading are studied, and the stress of ship structure during slip loading is calculated, and the influence of load distribution on the strength of ship structure during slip loading is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U674.941;U661.43
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