液压克令吊吊臂结构设计与液压系统监测研究

发布时间：2018-11-08 21:11

【摘要】：液压克令吊作为当前船舶上主要采用的货物装卸设备,其能够灵活实现对一定重量的不同货物的进行起升以及在一定范围内进行搬运,具有结构简洁、便于操作、装卸效率高等优点,所以其作为一种大型甲板机械广泛应用于各类船舶,并承担了主要的货物搬运任务。本文选取的研究对象是渔船30t/24m液压克令吊吊臂,通过分析液压克令吊吊臂的受力情况,并做了不同工况下相应的结构静力分析以及模态分析,结合仿真学,对吊臂的新型结构进行了探究,为了提高克令吊的外在可靠性,还为克令吊液压系统的在线监测提供了一种可行方法,为克令吊的创新研究提供了一中新思路。论文的重点研究内容有以下几点:1.通过对液压克令吊主要设计参数的查找计算,确定了液压克令吊的吊臂的具体结构设计方案,并利用PROE软件对新型吊臂作了三维实体建模。2利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS对所设计的吊臂在其处于最大工作半径和最小工作半径的两种极限工况下分别作了结构静力分析,得到了吊臂在这两个极限工况下所分别对应的应力云图,找出其主要应力集中点,经计算对比分析,研究其结构刚度和强度是否能满足工作要求,从而为新型吊臂结构的进一步优化提供理论数据基础,最终达到在满足相应工况下的强度和刚度要求的同时减少25%左右的机构自重。3.利用有限元分析软件ANSYS对吊臂结构做有限元模态分析,提取吊臂前十阶频率及振型图,确定其危险振动频率区间,再通过相关计算得出发动机和卷筒的振动频率及货物偏摆频率并与之相比较,确保其振动频率区间都没有任何交集,进而保证了吊臂结构可以避免发生共振现象。4.克令吊的液压系统是影响克令吊可靠性的主要外在因素,根据电磁学中的电磁感应原理,设计出一种简便的设备,实现对液压系统中的金属杂质进行在线监测,当金属杂质浓度超标时,能够及时发出预警,从而降低液压克令吊的事故率。
[Abstract]:As the main cargo handling equipment used on the ship at present, the hydraulic crane can carry out lifting and handling of different cargo of certain weight flexibly. It has a simple structure and is easy to operate. As a kind of large deck machinery, it is widely used in all kinds of ships and undertakes the main cargo handling tasks. The research object selected in this paper is the 30t/24m hydraulic crane jib of fishing boat. By analyzing the force situation of the hydraulic crane arm, the corresponding structural static analysis and modal analysis under different working conditions are done, combined with simulation. In order to improve the external reliability of the crane, it provides a feasible method for the on-line monitoring of the hydraulic system of the crane and a new train of thought for the innovative research of the crane. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. By searching and calculating the main design parameters of the hydraulic crane, the specific structure design scheme of the jib of the hydraulic crane is determined. The three-dimensional solid model of the new boom is built by using PROE software. (2) the structural static analysis of the designed cantilever under the two limit conditions of maximum working radius and minimum working radius is carried out by using the finite element analysis software ABAQUS. The corresponding stress cloud diagram of the boom under these two limit conditions is obtained, and the main stress concentration points are found out. Through calculation and contrast analysis, it is studied whether the structure stiffness and strength can meet the requirements of the work. Thus the theoretical data are provided for the further optimization of the new cantilever structure, and the mechanism deadweight can be reduced by about 25% at the same time as the strength and stiffness requirements under the corresponding working conditions are satisfied. The finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to do the finite element modal analysis of the cantilever structure. The first ten order frequencies and modes of the boom are extracted, and the dangerous vibration frequency range is determined. The vibration frequency and cargo deflection frequency of engine and reel are obtained by correlation calculation and compared with each other, which ensures that there is no intersection between the vibration frequency range of engine and reel, and thus ensures that the cantilever structure can avoid resonance phenomenon. 4. The hydraulic system of the crane is the main external factor affecting the reliability of the crane. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction in electromagnetism, a simple equipment is designed to monitor the metal impurity in the hydraulic system on line. When the concentration of metal impurities exceeds the standard, the warning can be issued in time, thus reducing the accident rate of hydraulic crane.
【学位授予单位】：浙江海洋学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U664.43

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