基于微控制器的压载水电解处理系统

发布时间：2019-05-16 23:01

【摘要】：船舶压载水系统根据船舶的运行状态,调节全船压载舱的载水量,使整船的吃水得到控制,保证船体横向、纵向的平稳,避免空舱时船体上过大的弯曲力矩与剪切力。船舶压载水循环造成了海水的地域性流动,为物种及病菌的地域性转移提供了媒介,近年来海洋外来物种入侵的问题日益严重,压载水管理也成为了相关部门重点关注的问题。在此背景下,一套可靠的船舶压载水处理系统将会极大的提高港口生态安全等级,杜绝工作人员抽样检测压载水过程中的弄虚作假行为,提高船舶的运行效率,同时有效的降低压载水管理成本,从客观上增加压载水管理实效。本文深入调研了行业常用的压载水处理技术,研究了国内外使用比较广泛的压载水处理配套产品,设计了一套基于微控制器的压载水电解处理系统,整个设计过程中完成的主要任务如下：第一,设计了压载水电解系统的整体硬件构架,介绍了系统中主要设备。第二,自主设计了一个基于ARM微控制器的压载水处理系统控制板卡,描述了板卡的硬件电路架构、主要元器件选型、关键环节的电路原理图设计过程、PCB板的防潮处理工艺,整个板卡硬件可靠成本合理,可以保证在潮湿的船舶上稳定工作。第三,设计了压载水处理系统控制程序,具体描述了嵌入式操作系统的部署、外围硬件的驱动程序设计,整个系统运行稳定,不会出现电磁干扰后的假死现象；另外,描述了抗饱和积分PID控制算法的C语言实现,解决了累加积分引起的系统的震荡和超调。第四,利用MCGS通用组态软件设计了压载水处理系统上位机控制界面,工作人员在上位机界面可以直接控制压载水处理过程,检测处理过程中的各种变量。
[Abstract]:According to the running state of the ship, the ship ballast water system adjusts the carrying capacity of the whole ship ballast cabin, controls the draught of the whole ship, ensures the transverse and longitudinal stability of the hull, and avoids the excessive bending moment and shear force on the hull in the empty cabin. Ship ballast water cycle causes the regional flow of seawater and provides a medium for the regional transfer of species and germs. In recent years, the problem of marine alien species invasion is becoming more and more serious. Ballast water management has also become a key concern of the relevant departments. Under this background, a set of reliable ship ballast water treatment system will greatly improve the ecological security level of the port, put an end to the false behavior in the process of sampling and testing ballast water by staff, and improve the operation efficiency of the ship. At the same time, effectively reduce the cost of ballast water management, objectively increase the effectiveness of ballast water management. In this paper, the ballast water treatment technology commonly used in the industry is deeply investigated, and the supporting products of ballast water treatment, which are widely used at home and abroad, are studied, and a set of ballast water and water treatment system based on microcontroller is designed. The main tasks completed in the whole design process are as follows: first, the overall hardware architecture of ballast water electrolysis system is designed, and the main equipment in the system is introduced. Secondly, a ballast water treatment system control board based on arm microcontroller is designed independently. The hardware circuit architecture of the board, the selection of the main components, the design process of the circuit schematic diagram of the key links, and the moisture-proof treatment process of the PCB board are described. The whole card hardware is reliable and reasonable, which can ensure the stable operation on the wet ship. Thirdly, the control program of ballast water treatment system is designed, and the deployment of embedded operating system and the driver design of peripheral hardware are described in detail. the whole system runs stably and there will be no false death after electromagnetic interference. In addition, the C language implementation of the anti-saturation integral PID control algorithm is described, which solves the vibration and overshoot of the system caused by the cumulative integral. Fourth, the upper computer control interface of ballast water treatment system is designed by using MCGS general configuration software. The staff can directly control the ballast water treatment process and detect all kinds of variables in the treatment process.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U664.92

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