小水深半潜型风电浮式基础的耦合动力分析与试验研究
发布时间：2019-05-22 15:21
【摘要】：海上风力发电以其独特的优势正在世界范围内迅速发展。随着水深的增加固定式基础的成本急剧上升，因而漂浮式风力发电基础有了广阔的前景。浮式基础的设计与研究为国内外海洋工程界关注的热点前沿问题，为促进海上发电技术的发展与应用提供了技术支持。 本文首先介绍了漂浮式海上风电浮式基础的发展前景和几种常见的结构类型。参考已有的理论设计、模型试验和工程实例，选取了适合渤海水域的风机功率，美国NREL实验室公布的WindPact型1.5MW风力机详细资料，进行了海上风力机半潜型浮式基础的概念设计。将海上风力机浮式系统的载荷做了分类，系统地介绍了海上浮式风力机气动载荷、波浪载荷、流载荷和系泊载荷的计算方法。根据经验公式，对系统的粘性阻尼做了计算并用模型试验加以验证。计算分析半潜型基础的频域响应特性，建立了风力机-浮式基础-锚链耦合动力模型，计算在规则波、随机波中的运动响应。加工制作了试验模型，测量了模型的固有运动特性和运动响应结果，比较了数值模拟和试验结果，得到以下主要结论： （1）计算了半潜型基础的附加质量、辐射阻尼等水动力参数，绘出浮式基础的幅频响应曲线。从幅频响应曲线看出，垂荡、横摇和纵摇运动的固有周期基本避开了海浪能量的集中范围。 （2）建立了风力机-浮式基础-锚链耦合动力模型，考虑叶片与塔柱弹性以及偏航系统传动系统特性，进行了浮式基础的耦合时域分析。通过计算的结果看到叶片的弹性、偏航系统对于风力机系统纵荡、纵摇、首摇运动影响明显；由于偏航系统的存在，风力机系统的横荡、横摇响应会减小；在计算系统的纵摇时，应考虑塔柱的弹性及传动系统特性，而塔柱的弹性及传动系统特性对风力机系统其他方向的运动影响较小。 （3）制作了浮式基础模型，，对理论设计做了试验验证。通过自由衰减试验得到了浮式风力机的固有周期以及无因次阻尼系数；有无风速主要对浮式风力机纵摇和纵荡的平衡位置与运动幅度有较大的影响。通过比较有风海况下的试验结果与理论计算值，看出二者符合的较好，验证了设计的合理性。
[Abstract]:Offshore wind power generation is developing rapidly in the world because of its unique advantages. With the increase of water depth, the cost of fixed foundation increases sharply, so floating wind power generation foundation has a broad prospect. The design and research of floating foundation provides technical support for the development and application of offshore power generation technology. In this paper, the development prospect and several common structural types of floating offshore wind-induced floating foundation are introduced at first. Referring to the existing theoretical design, model test and engineering examples, the fan power suitable for Bohai Sea waters is selected, and the detailed data of WindPact 1.5MW wind turbine published by NREL Laboratory in the United States are selected. The conceptual design of semi-submersible floating foundation of offshore wind turbine is carried out. The load of floating system of offshore wind turbine is classified, and the calculation methods of pneumatic load, wave load, current load and mooring load of offshore floating wind turbine are systematically introduced. According to the empirical formula, the viscous damping of the system is calculated and verified by model test. The frequency domain response characteristics of semi-submersible foundation are calculated and analyzed, and the coupling dynamic model of wind turbine, floating foundation and anchor chain is established, and the motion response in regular wave and random wave is calculated. The experimental model is fabricated, the inherent motion characteristics and motion response results of the model are measured, and the numerical simulation and experimental results are compared. the main conclusions are as follows: (1) the additional mass of the semi-submersible foundation is calculated. The amplitude-frequency response curve of floating foundation is drawn by hydrodynamic parameters such as radiation damping. From the amplitude-frequency response curve, it can be seen that the inherent periods of swinging, rolling and pitching basically avoid the concentration range of wave energy. (2) the coupling dynamic model of wind turbine, floating foundation and anchor chain is established, and the coupling time domain analysis of floating foundation is carried out considering the elasticity of blade and tower column and the characteristics of yaw system transmission system. The results show that the elasticity of the blade and the yaw system have obvious influence on the yaw motion of the wind turbine system, and the rolling response of the wind turbine system will be reduced due to the existence of the yaw system. When calculating the pitch of the system, the elasticity of the tower column and the characteristics of the transmission system should be taken into account, while the elasticity of the tower column and the characteristics of the transmission system have little influence on the motion of the wind turbine system in other directions. (3) the floating foundation model is made, and the theoretical design is verified by experiments. Through the free attenuation test, the inherent period and dimensionless damping coefficient of the floating wind turbine are obtained, and the wind speed mainly has a great influence on the balance position and motion amplitude of the rolling and swinging of the floating wind turbine. By comparing the experimental results with the theoretical values under the condition of wind and sea, it can be seen that the two are in good agreement with each other, and the rationality of the design is verified.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U674.38;U661
本文编号：2483031
[Abstract]:Offshore wind power generation is developing rapidly in the world because of its unique advantages. With the increase of water depth, the cost of fixed foundation increases sharply, so floating wind power generation foundation has a broad prospect. The design and research of floating foundation provides technical support for the development and application of offshore power generation technology. In this paper, the development prospect and several common structural types of floating offshore wind-induced floating foundation are introduced at first. Referring to the existing theoretical design, model test and engineering examples, the fan power suitable for Bohai Sea waters is selected, and the detailed data of WindPact 1.5MW wind turbine published by NREL Laboratory in the United States are selected. The conceptual design of semi-submersible floating foundation of offshore wind turbine is carried out. The load of floating system of offshore wind turbine is classified, and the calculation methods of pneumatic load, wave load, current load and mooring load of offshore floating wind turbine are systematically introduced. According to the empirical formula, the viscous damping of the system is calculated and verified by model test. The frequency domain response characteristics of semi-submersible foundation are calculated and analyzed, and the coupling dynamic model of wind turbine, floating foundation and anchor chain is established, and the motion response in regular wave and random wave is calculated. The experimental model is fabricated, the inherent motion characteristics and motion response results of the model are measured, and the numerical simulation and experimental results are compared. the main conclusions are as follows: (1) the additional mass of the semi-submersible foundation is calculated. The amplitude-frequency response curve of floating foundation is drawn by hydrodynamic parameters such as radiation damping. From the amplitude-frequency response curve, it can be seen that the inherent periods of swinging, rolling and pitching basically avoid the concentration range of wave energy. (2) the coupling dynamic model of wind turbine, floating foundation and anchor chain is established, and the coupling time domain analysis of floating foundation is carried out considering the elasticity of blade and tower column and the characteristics of yaw system transmission system. The results show that the elasticity of the blade and the yaw system have obvious influence on the yaw motion of the wind turbine system, and the rolling response of the wind turbine system will be reduced due to the existence of the yaw system. When calculating the pitch of the system, the elasticity of the tower column and the characteristics of the transmission system should be taken into account, while the elasticity of the tower column and the characteristics of the transmission system have little influence on the motion of the wind turbine system in other directions. (3) the floating foundation model is made, and the theoretical design is verified by experiments. Through the free attenuation test, the inherent period and dimensionless damping coefficient of the floating wind turbine are obtained, and the wind speed mainly has a great influence on the balance position and motion amplitude of the rolling and swinging of the floating wind turbine. By comparing the experimental results with the theoretical values under the condition of wind and sea, it can be seen that the two are in good agreement with each other, and the rationality of the design is verified.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U674.38;U661
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