火电厂除尘器改造项目方案选择评价研究
发布时间：2018-08-17 10:12
【摘要】：近几年来,环境污染问题变得越来越严重,逐渐成为最引人关注的热点问题之一。而到目前国内发电主体仍是火力发电厂,其中燃煤电厂又是主要的组成部分。在火力电厂的运转中会产生大量的粉尘、氮氧化物等有害污染物,这些有害污染物是形成雾霾天气的主要诱因,因此采取措施来减少火电厂的粉尘排放量,对各种设施进行环保改造是迫切需要的。为了有效的降低火电厂排放物中粉尘的含量,对火电厂的电除尘器进行改造是十分重要的一个环节。目前,国内越来越多的电厂逐渐认识到除尘器改造的重要性,特别是在国家发布《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》(GB13223-2011)排放标准要求后,由于多数火电厂的除尘器达不到最新要求,于是各个电厂更是将除尘器改造作为首先要解决的问题。如何选择一种有效的、实用的能够适合不同电厂环境的除尘器改造技术,是首先要考虑的一个重要方面。基于此,本文对火电厂电除尘改造项目的方案选择进行综合评价研究。本文首先介绍了目前应用较为广泛的几种除尘器技术,剖析其发展历程以及应用现状,针对TC电厂某机组的实际情况以及系统问题,阐明了其进行除尘器改造的必要性。根据该机组的实际状况和现有可用技术的综合分析,提出了三种不同的除尘器改造备选方案。结合该机组的实际特点,依据指标体系的构建原则和方案选择目标,从环境、经济和技术等方面详细分析了影响因素,建立了机组电除尘改造项目方案选择的综合评价指标体系。基于三角模糊数层次分析法构建了项目方案选择综合评价模型。最后,运用所建立的评价体系对三个除尘器改造备选方案进行了综合评价,对不同的除尘改造方案在环境、经济和技术等方面进行对比,确定了TC电厂除尘器改造的最优方案是常规五电场+湿式除尘器,并进行了方案的实施效益分析,说明了评价体系的适用性。该方案实施后能够使得电厂效益最大化,改造后电厂可以获得除尘电价、超低排放电价等补贴,按照当前标准来计算约3.3年即可收回投资成本。同时改造后的机组运行稳定性高,除尘效果良好,每年减少的烟尘排放量将达到312t。由此说明,本论文建立的方案评价体系具有实际应用价值,借此也可为其他同类的火力发电厂的除尘改造项目提供一定的理论依据以及方法参考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, environmental pollution has become more and more serious, gradually becoming one of the most attractive hot issues. At present, the main power generation in China is still thermal power plants, of which coal-fired power plants are the main component. In the operation of thermal power plants, a large number of harmful pollutants, such as dust, nitrogen oxides and other harmful pollutants, which are the main cause of the formation of haze weather, so take measures to reduce the dust emissions from thermal power plants. It is urgent to carry on the environmental protection transformation to each kind of facility. In order to effectively reduce the dust content in the emission from thermal power plant, it is very important to reform the electrostatic precipitator in thermal power plant. At present, more and more power plants in China are gradually realizing the importance of the retrofit of dust remover, especially after the national emission standard of atmospheric pollutant emission standard (GB13223-2011) has been issued, because most thermal power plants do not meet the latest requirements for dust remover, As a result, each power plant is the first to solve the problem of retrofitting the dust collector. How to select an effective and practical retrofit technology for dust collector in different power plant environments is an important aspect to be considered first. Based on this, this paper makes a comprehensive evaluation study on the scheme selection of electric dust removal project in thermal power plant. This paper first introduces several kinds of dust collector technologies which are widely used at present, analyzes their development history and application status, and expounds the necessity of retrofitting the dust collector in view of the actual situation and system problems of a unit in TC power plant. According to the actual situation of the unit and the comprehensive analysis of the available technology, three different schemes of retrofitting the dust collector are put forward. Combined with the actual characteristics of the unit, according to the construction principle of the index system and the selection target of the scheme, the influence factors are analyzed in detail from the aspects of environment, economy and technology, etc. A comprehensive evaluation index system is established for the selection of the project scheme of the electric dust removal retrofit project of the unit. Based on triangular fuzzy number analytic hierarchy process (AHP), a comprehensive evaluation model of project scheme selection is constructed. Finally, the evaluation system is used to comprehensively evaluate the three alternative schemes of dust collector transformation, and the environmental, economic and technical aspects of the different schemes are compared. It is determined that the best scheme for retrofitting the dust collector in TC power plant is the conventional five electric field wet precipitator. The benefit analysis of the scheme is carried out and the applicability of the evaluation system is explained. The scheme can maximize the benefit of the power plant, and the retrofit power plant can get subsidies such as dust-removing electricity price, ultra-low emission price and so on. According to the current standard, the investment cost can be recovered for about 3.3 years. At the same time, the unit has high operation stability and good dust removal effect, and the emission of smoke and dust will be reduced to 312t per year. It shows that the evaluation system established in this paper has practical application value and can also provide some theoretical basis and method reference for other similar thermal power plant dust removal and transformation projects.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM621.73
本文编号：2187282
[Abstract]:In recent years, environmental pollution has become more and more serious, gradually becoming one of the most attractive hot issues. At present, the main power generation in China is still thermal power plants, of which coal-fired power plants are the main component. In the operation of thermal power plants, a large number of harmful pollutants, such as dust, nitrogen oxides and other harmful pollutants, which are the main cause of the formation of haze weather, so take measures to reduce the dust emissions from thermal power plants. It is urgent to carry on the environmental protection transformation to each kind of facility. In order to effectively reduce the dust content in the emission from thermal power plant, it is very important to reform the electrostatic precipitator in thermal power plant. At present, more and more power plants in China are gradually realizing the importance of the retrofit of dust remover, especially after the national emission standard of atmospheric pollutant emission standard (GB13223-2011) has been issued, because most thermal power plants do not meet the latest requirements for dust remover, As a result, each power plant is the first to solve the problem of retrofitting the dust collector. How to select an effective and practical retrofit technology for dust collector in different power plant environments is an important aspect to be considered first. Based on this, this paper makes a comprehensive evaluation study on the scheme selection of electric dust removal project in thermal power plant. This paper first introduces several kinds of dust collector technologies which are widely used at present, analyzes their development history and application status, and expounds the necessity of retrofitting the dust collector in view of the actual situation and system problems of a unit in TC power plant. According to the actual situation of the unit and the comprehensive analysis of the available technology, three different schemes of retrofitting the dust collector are put forward. Combined with the actual characteristics of the unit, according to the construction principle of the index system and the selection target of the scheme, the influence factors are analyzed in detail from the aspects of environment, economy and technology, etc. A comprehensive evaluation index system is established for the selection of the project scheme of the electric dust removal retrofit project of the unit. Based on triangular fuzzy number analytic hierarchy process (AHP), a comprehensive evaluation model of project scheme selection is constructed. Finally, the evaluation system is used to comprehensively evaluate the three alternative schemes of dust collector transformation, and the environmental, economic and technical aspects of the different schemes are compared. It is determined that the best scheme for retrofitting the dust collector in TC power plant is the conventional five electric field wet precipitator. The benefit analysis of the scheme is carried out and the applicability of the evaluation system is explained. The scheme can maximize the benefit of the power plant, and the retrofit power plant can get subsidies such as dust-removing electricity price, ultra-low emission price and so on. According to the current standard, the investment cost can be recovered for about 3.3 years. At the same time, the unit has high operation stability and good dust removal effect, and the emission of smoke and dust will be reduced to 312t per year. It shows that the evaluation system established in this paper has practical application value and can also provide some theoretical basis and method reference for other similar thermal power plant dust removal and transformation projects.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM621.73
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