基于隔离小生境粒子群算法的有源电力滤波器优化配置研究

发布时间：2018-08-19 08:40

【摘要】：煤炭、石油等非可再生能源的大量使用不仅带来了大气水土污染、资源枯竭自然的问题,传统低效的能源利用方式也带来相应社会问题,为提高新能源的消纳能力,微网技术得到了快速发展。但非线性负荷、并网变流器以及大电网渗透谐波作用导致微网的谐波污染日益严重。目前利用有源电力滤波器进行谐波污染治理主要还是就地治理方式,但传统“谁污染谁治理”的分散配置原则已经不适用于目前复杂的多谐波源电力网络,对微网中有源电力滤波器的集中补偿技术的研究势在必行。本文首先分析了微网中光伏、风力发电等分布式电源的谐波特性,阐述了电弧炉、电视机、节能灯、电梯等常见非线性负载谐波的输出特性。在此基础上,基于工程实例利用电力系统仿真软件ETAP设计了仿真实验,分析了交直流混合微网的谐波潮流,并得出谐波传播扩散规律的若干结论;建立了微网中输电线路、变压器、线性负荷等电力元件和谐波源的物理模型,设计基于牛顿拉夫逊解耦算法的谐波潮流计算方法及流程图。其次详细阐述了微网中滤波器的配置问题,结合该问题“离散+连续”、多维非线性的特点,提出了隔离小生境技术改进的粒子群算法,以改善标准粒子群算法易陷入局部最优的弊端,并利用标准测试函数对改进算法的性能进行测试。最后根据有源电力滤波器的工作原理,建立了以各节点总电压谐波畸变率均方根最小为目标函数,以节点总谐波电压畸变率、节点各次谐波电压含量和装置容量为约束条件的数学优化模型。阐述了基于隔离小生境粒子群算法的有源电力滤波器优化配置方法,包括粒子编码设置、适应度函数构造和配置流程。采用了西门子Benchmark 0.4kV简化微网算例模型对该优化配置方法进行验证,结果显示配置滤波器后微网中谐波含量大幅降低,符合相关标准。
[Abstract]:The extensive use of non-renewable energy, such as coal and petroleum, not only brings about the problems of atmospheric water and soil pollution and natural depletion of resources, but also brings about corresponding social problems in traditional inefficient energy utilization methods, in order to improve the absorption capacity of new energy. Microgrid technology has been developed rapidly. However, nonlinear load, grid-connected converters and large power grid permeate harmonics lead to the increasingly serious harmonic pollution of microgrid. At present, the active power filter is mainly used for harmonic pollution control, but the traditional "who pollutes who governs" principle is no longer suitable for the complex multi-harmonic source power network. It is imperative to study the centralized compensation technology of active power filter in microgrid. In this paper, the harmonic characteristics of distributed power sources such as photovoltaic and wind power generation in microgrid are analyzed, and the output characteristics of common nonlinear load harmonics such as arc furnace, TV set, energy saving lamp, elevator and so on are described in this paper. On this basis, the simulation experiment is designed by using power system simulation software ETAP based on engineering example, the harmonic power flow of AC / DC hybrid microgrid is analyzed, and some conclusions of harmonic propagation and diffusion rule are obtained, and the transmission line in microgrid is established. Based on the physical model of transformer, linear load and harmonic source, the harmonic power flow calculation method and flow chart based on Newton Raphson decoupling algorithm are designed. Secondly, the problem of filter collocation in microgrid is described in detail. Considering the characteristics of discrete continuity and multi-dimensional nonlinearity, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm based on isolated niche technology is proposed. In order to improve the drawback of standard particle swarm optimization (Swarm Optimization), the performance of the improved PSO is tested by using the standard test function. Finally, according to the working principle of active power filter, the objective function is the minimum root mean square (RMS) of the total voltage harmonic distortion rate of each node, and the total harmonic voltage distortion rate of the node is taken as the objective function. The mathematical optimization model of node harmonic voltage content and device capacity is a constraint condition. The optimal collocation method of active power filter based on isolated niche particle swarm optimization algorithm is described, including particle coding setting, fitness function construction and configuration flow. The Siemens Benchmark 0.4kV simplified microgrid model is used to verify the optimal configuration. The results show that the harmonic content in the microgrid is greatly reduced after the filter is configured, which conforms to the relevant standards.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM761

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