多能源微电网优化配置与经济运行研究

发布时间：2018-08-28 13:08

【摘要】：近年来,能源短缺和环境污染问题给人们的生活带来了巨大的负面影响,在其双重压力下,人们越来越关注对多能源微电网技术的研究。作为一种新型的供电系统,微电网系统具有能源供给多样化、可再生能源利用率高、环境污染小、馈线损耗少、控制方便、运行方式灵活以及供电可靠性高等优点,因而,大力发展、研究与应用微电网技术是十分必要的。微电网系统的优化配置与经济运行课题作为微电网技术的重要组成部分,能够有效地提高系统运行的安全性、可靠性、稳定性、环保性以及经济性。微电网系统的优化配置与经济运行,顾名思义包含有两部分,其一指的是系统内部各分布式电源的配置问题,它在微电网规划设计初始阶段起至关重要的作用,同时,合理的系统配置能够有效地提高后期运行的经济性;其二是系统经济运行问题,主要从经济角度考虑,有时还会考虑到环境、供电可靠性等因素的影响,优化各分布式电源与储能装置的出力情况,以达到整个微电网系统经济可靠运行。本文针对多能源微电网系统,深入地分析和研究了系统的配置与运行问题。其中,该微电网系统中的微电源主要由风机、光伏电池、微型燃气轮机、燃料电池、柴油机以及蓄电池组成。主要的研究内容与创新工作如下:(1)以多能源微电网系统为研究对象,分析了其组成结构,研究了各分布式电源与储能装置的特性,并结合其运行特性与重要参数,建立了各发电机组的输出功率模型,为后期建立系统优化模型做准备。(2)建立了微电网系统优化配置的数学模型,同时还提出了相应的系统评价指标,用以评价所建模型的合理性。本文将初期购买设备的总投资成本转换成设备每年的投资成本,再综合每年设备更换成本与设备每年的维护费用,将三者结合作为系统优化配置的目标函数。(3)针对含有多个目标的微电网系统经济运行问题,将粒子群算法应用于经济优化问题之中。本文从机组运行、燃料消耗、供电惩罚、污染物处理以及与外部大电网进行的售电收益这五方面的费用着手,建立了含有多个目标函数的系统经济运行模型,并提出了相关的评价指标以及多个约束条件。(4)基于以上所建立的系统优化模型,结合实际,分别对系统的优化配置问题和经济运行问题进行案例分析。结果表明,优化方案设计合理,且能够为多能源微电网系统的规划建设提供强有力的理论支撑。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution have brought great negative effects to people's lives. Under the double pressure, people pay more and more attention to the research of multi-energy micro-grid technology. As a new type of power supply system, microgrid system has the advantages of diversified energy supply, high renewable energy utilization, low environmental pollution, less feeder loss, convenient control, flexible operation mode and high reliability of power supply. It is necessary to develop and apply microgrid technology. As an important part of microgrid technology, the optimal configuration and economic operation of microgrid system can effectively improve the security, reliability, stability, environmental protection and economy of the system. The optimal configuration and economic operation of microgrid system, as the name implies, includes two parts. One is the configuration problem of distributed generation within the system, which plays an important role in the initial stage of microgrid planning and design, and at the same time, Reasonable system configuration can effectively improve the economy of late operation. Second, the problem of system economic operation is mainly considered from the economic point of view, and sometimes the influence of environment, power supply reliability and other factors are also taken into account. In order to achieve the economical and reliable operation of the whole microgrid system, the output of each distributed power source and energy storage device is optimized. In this paper, the configuration and operation of multi-energy micro-grid system are analyzed and studied. The micro power supply in the system is mainly composed of fan, photovoltaic cell, micro gas turbine, fuel cell, diesel engine and battery. The main research contents and innovations are as follows: (1) taking the multi-energy micro-grid system as the research object, the structure of the system is analyzed, and the characteristics of each distributed generation and energy storage device are studied, and the operation characteristics and important parameters are combined. The output power model of each generator set is established to prepare for the establishment of the system optimization model in the later stage. (2) the mathematical model of the optimal configuration of the microgrid system is established, and the corresponding system evaluation index is also proposed. It is used to evaluate the rationality of the model. In this paper, the total investment cost of the initial equipment purchase is converted into the annual investment cost of the equipment, and then the annual equipment replacement cost and the annual maintenance cost of the equipment are combined. (3) Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is applied to the economic optimization problem of microgrid systems with multiple targets. In this paper, a system economic operation model with multiple objective functions is established from the five aspects of unit operation, fuel consumption, power supply penalty, pollutant treatment and the revenue from electricity sales with large external power grids. And put forward the related evaluation index and several constraints. (4) based on the above system optimization model, combined with the actual, respectively, the optimal configuration of the system and the economic operation of the case study. The results show that the optimal scheme is reasonable and can provide a strong theoretical support for the planning and construction of multi-energy micro-grid system.
【学位授予单位】：北京建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM727

【相似文献】