三相模块化容错永磁电机研究

发布时间：2018-09-03 14:51

【摘要】：分布式驱动电动汽车因其良好的加速性能和操控性成为近年的研究热点,轮毂电机系统作为分布式驱动电动车的核心部件,其可靠性关乎车辆和人员的安全。为了提高轮毂电机系统的容错能力,解决以往容错电机结构复杂、控制算法难度高等问题,将模块化思想与电机设计结合,提出一种三相模块化容错轮毂电机。本文围绕三相模块化容错永磁电机的几个关键技术问题,主要进行了以下几个方面的工作:首先,针对三相模块化容错永磁电机特殊的结构特点,对该电机的数学模型和工作原理进行研究。模块化容错永磁电机具有定子模块化,各模块共用转子的特点。考虑到该电机结构上模块化的特点,用分块矩阵形式给出全模块运行和分模块运行时的磁链方程和电压方程,同时推导自感和互感变化规律。其次,三相模块化容错永磁电机与常规的三相永磁电机相比有较大的不同,本文对其电磁方案的选取和优化方法进行研究。通过比较多种子电机极槽配合以及不同绕组形式,结合相应的应用背景,给出模块化容错电机定子电磁方案的选取原则。在此基础上,考虑到短路故障对电机性能影响极大,运用解析法和有限元仿真对绕组短路进行研究。确定电机定子方案之后,对转子的多种磁路结构进行分析;用解析法分析转矩波动原理,对所选择的方案运用永磁体偏心的方法优化电机转矩输出。然后,针对三相模块化容错电机多种故障情况,对电机在不同故障情况下的容错策略进行研究。通过解析法分析旋转磁动势,研究针对一相开路故障的补偿策略,解决故障模块容错电流过大的问题;对一相开路容错时不平衡磁拉力和转矩波动问题进行理论分析和仿真验证,探讨减小方法。针对分模块运行特性仿真分析,解析推导并仿真验证分模块容错时转矩波动。研究模块化容错永磁电机在绕组短路故障后的容错策略,解决短路故障造成的绕组过热问题和转矩波动问题。运用有限元分析方法,根据实际情况研究并绕导线之间的匝间短路故障,提出抑制并绕导线匝间短路故障的方法。最后,针对三相模块化容错电机的不同工况,建立3维温度场模型,分析电机在正常和故障情况及相应容错策略下的温升情况,得到电机在正常和容错时候的温度分布。
[Abstract]:Distributed drive electric vehicle (DEAV) has become a research hotspot in recent years because of its good acceleration performance and maneuverability. As the core component of distributed driving electric vehicle, its reliability is related to the safety of vehicle and personnel. In order to improve the fault-tolerant ability of wheel hub motor system and solve the problems of complex structure and high control algorithm of fault tolerant motor in the past, a three-phase modular fault-tolerant hub motor was proposed by combining modularization idea with motor design. This paper focuses on several key technical problems of three-phase modularized fault-tolerant permanent magnet motor, mainly in the following aspects: firstly, aiming at the special structural characteristics of three-phase modularized fault-tolerant permanent magnet motor, The mathematical model and working principle of the motor are studied. Modular fault-tolerant permanent magnet motor has the characteristics of stator modularization, and all modules share the rotor. Considering the modularization characteristic of the motor structure, the flux chain equation and voltage equation are given in the form of block matrix, and the self-inductance and mutual-inductance variation laws are deduced at the same time. Secondly, the three-phase modular fault-tolerant permanent magnet motor is different from the conventional three-phase permanent magnet motor. In this paper, the electromagnetic scheme selection and optimization methods are studied. The selection principle of modularized fault tolerant motor stator electromagnetic scheme is given by comparing the pole-slot matching and different winding forms of multi-seed motor and combining with the corresponding application background. On this basis, considering that the short-circuit fault has a great impact on the performance of the motor, an analytical method and finite element simulation are used to study the short-circuit of the winding. After the stator scheme is determined, the rotor magnetic circuit structure is analyzed, and the torque ripple principle is analyzed by analytic method, and the torque output of the motor is optimized by the method of permanent magnet eccentricity. Then, the fault-tolerant strategy of three phase modularized fault tolerant motor in different fault cases is studied. Through the analytical analysis of rotating magnetodynamic force, the compensation strategy for one phase open circuit fault is studied to solve the problem that fault module fault tolerant current is too large. Theoretical analysis and simulation verification of unbalanced magnetic pull force and torque ripple in one phase open circuit fault tolerance are carried out, and the method of reducing the problem is discussed. According to the simulation analysis of the operation characteristics of sub-modules, the torque ripple of sub-module fault tolerant is deduced analytically and verified by simulation. The fault-tolerant strategy of modularized fault-tolerant permanent magnet motor after winding short-circuit fault is studied to solve the problems of winding overheating and torque ripple caused by short-circuit fault. By using the finite element analysis method and according to the actual situation, the inter-turn short circuit fault between the winding conductors is studied, and the method to suppress the inter-turn short circuit fault of the conductor is put forward. Finally, according to the different working conditions of the three-phase modularized fault-tolerant motor, a three-dimensional temperature field model is established, and the temperature rise of the motor under the normal and fault condition and the corresponding fault-tolerant strategy is analyzed, and the temperature distribution of the motor under normal and fault-tolerant conditions is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM351

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