基于ZYNQ平台的智能变电站IED开发研究

发布时间：2018-09-10 21:07

【摘要】：智能电子设备安装在变电站的间隔层,自动完成信息采集、保护、测量控制和状态监测等功能,智能电子设备是变电站中的重要设备,体现了变电站的自动化水平。多CPU分布式结构成为IED设计的主流选择,但基于该架构的IED存在着开发难度大、开发周期长、插件和元件数量多和故障率高等问题。解决这些问题必须从IED的架构着手,计算机技术和芯片制造技术的进步为IED的开发研究提供了坚实的技术保障,为克服传统IED存在的缺点提供了研究方向。针对智能电子设备功能集成和通信分散的特点,论文提供了基于ZYNQ平台的母线差动保护IED解决方案。首先,分析IEC 61850标准,得出IED的基本功能框架。然后,选择集成了双ARM处理系统和FPGA可编程逻辑的ZYNQ平台,进行IED方案设计。具体方案是:在双ARM处理系统上建立嵌入式Linux系统和实时系统,嵌入式Linux系统中移植mmslite软件包实现了 MMS服务,实时系统中实现了 GOOSE/SV功能,FPGA中实现过程层通信。该部分并不涉及具体的保护功能。进一步,设计母线差动保护IED。实现了采样值差动逻辑和面向母线差动保护的建模,独创性的采用硬件加速技术在FPGA中构建差分计算模块,和实时系统中的是时差法公共检测TA饱和。论文在该部分对TA饱和的原理进行了分析,对时差法的进行仿真,表明了差分法具有较好的检测TA饱和效果。论文详细介绍了差分法IP核的设计方法,对差分逻辑状态机的执行策略进行了阐述。硬件加速技术带来的系统软硬件数据交互方式的转变和保护并行执行策略,论文对这两方面进行了详细介绍。最后,论文进行了三项测试..1)资源占用比测试:表明母线差动保护IED使用的系统软硬件满足系统约束。2)加速比测试:硬件加速技术取得了约4.8倍的加速比,显著提高了差分法的执行效率,克服了串行执行方式无法实现差分法的缺陷。3)RTDS系统闭环测试:模拟各类母线故障和TA饱和,对母线差动保护IED进行测试,结果表明IED具有良好的选择性、可靠性和检测TA饱和性能。论文在ZYNQ平台上进行智能变电站IED的开发研究,带来了装置体系架构和开发方式的转变。母线差动保护IED的架构由单块板卡代替原来的多板卡,缩小了产品体积,减少了元件与插件数量,降低了故障率,稳定性和可靠性大大增加。IED设计过程中采用了标准的软硬件开发工具,开发一致性高,缩短了开发周期,便于项目实施和维护。此外,软硬件协同的开发方式能够将硬件与软件协同起来,实现原有软件中无法实现的功能,使得优秀的保护算法得以应用。测试表明,母线差动保护IED的资源使用满足系统约束,动作条件满足国家标准。因此,论文的设计成果具有实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:Intelligent electronic equipment is installed in the interval layer of substation, which automatically completes the functions of information collection, protection, measurement control and state monitoring. Intelligent electronic equipment is an important equipment in substation, which embodies the automation level of substation. Multiple CPU distributed architecture has become the mainstream choice of IED design, but the IED based on this architecture has many problems, such as the difficulty of development, the long development cycle, the large number of plug-ins and components and the high failure rate. To solve these problems, we must start with the framework of IED. The progress of computer technology and chip manufacturing technology provides a solid technical guarantee for the development and research of IED, and provides a research direction for overcoming the shortcomings of traditional IED. In view of the characteristics of intelligent electronic equipment function integration and communication dispersion, this paper provides a bus differential protection IED solution based on ZYNQ platform. Firstly, the IEC 61850 standard is analyzed and the basic functional framework of IED is obtained. Then, the ZYNQ platform which integrates the dual ARM processing system and FPGA programmable logic is selected to design the IED scheme. The specific scheme is to establish embedded Linux system and real-time system on dual ARM processing system, transplant mmslite software package to implement MMS service in embedded Linux system, and realize process layer communication in GOOSE/SV function in real-time system. This section does not involve specific protection functions. Furthermore, the busbar differential protection IED. is designed. The model of sampled-value differential logic and generator-oriented differential protection is realized. The hardware acceleration technique is used to construct the differential computing module in FPGA and the time-difference common detection TA saturation in real-time system. In this part, the principle of TA saturation is analyzed, and the time difference method is simulated, which shows that the difference method has a good effect on detecting TA saturation. In this paper, the design method of differential IP kernel is introduced in detail, and the execution strategy of differential logic state machine (DSM) is described. The hardware acceleration technology brings about the transformation of the system software and hardware data interaction mode and the strategy of protecting parallel execution. The paper introduces these two aspects in detail. Finally, three tests, I. e., resource occupancy ratio, are carried out. The results show that the hardware and software of the bus differential protection IED meet the system constraint .2) speedup ratio test: the hardware acceleration technology achieves a speedup ratio of about 4.8 times. The efficiency of the differential method is improved significantly, and the defect of the differential method is overcome. 3) the closed-loop test of the RTDS system is achieved by simulating all kinds of bus faults and TA saturation, and the busbar differential protection IED is tested. The results show that IED has good selectivity, reliability and saturation performance for detecting TA. In this paper, the development of intelligent substation IED based on ZYNQ platform has brought about the transformation of device architecture and development mode. The architecture of busbar differential protection IED is replaced by a single board card instead of the original multi-board card, which reduces the volume of the product, reduces the number of components and plug-ins, and reduces the failure rate. The stability and reliability greatly increase the standard software and hardware development tools are used in the design process of .IED, the development consistency is high, the development cycle is shortened, and the project is easy to implement and maintain. In addition, hardware and software can be co-developed in the way of hardware and software to achieve the original software can not achieve the function, so that the excellent protection algorithm can be applied. The test results show that the use of IED resources meets the system constraints and the operational conditions meet the national standards. Therefore, the design results of the paper have practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM76;TM63

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