轴向磁通高速磁阻电机的设计与分析

发布时间：2018-09-14 11:04

【摘要】：开关磁阻电机凭借结构坚固,系统稳定,容错性能优越及可控性高等优点,已广泛应用于航运、家电及国防等各种场合。随着工业4.0时代的开启,结合了盘式电机和开关磁阻电机优点的新兴轴向磁通磁阻电机显然在电机领域具有明显优势。论文在总结国内外现有轴向磁通磁阻电机设计发展的基础上,对一台6/4极轴向磁通高速磁阻电机(Axial Flux High Speed Reluctance Motor,AFHSRM)进行了电磁解析法和有限元法的分析设计研究。首先,论文介绍了开关磁阻电机的主要结构及各结构的优缺点,对开关磁阻电机的主要研究方法进行了详细阐述,并依据开关磁阻电机的电磁设计及性能参数设计的原则,对轴向磁通高速磁阻电机进行预设计。其次,结合轴向磁通高速磁阻电机的结构特点,利用解析法对轴向磁通高速磁阻电机分别在定转子极中心线对齐位置(θ_a位置)、齿槽中心线对齐位置(θ_u位置)及定子齿后沿和转子齿前沿重叠位置(θ_1位置)这三个位置下的磁化曲线进行计算。为计算θ_a位置的磁化曲线,要先结合该位置下磁路饱和的特性,建立电机的等效模型,再计算各磁导分量,分析电流、转子位置与磁密的关系,并将结果与有限元计算结果进行曲线对比验证解析法的正确性。而关于θ_u位置及θ_1位置磁化曲线的计算,就要根据磁路不饱和特性及磁阻最小原理对电机的磁链分布特点进行分析,且给出每部分磁链计算方法并将其解析计算结果与有限元结果进行比较,验证解析法的正确性。最后,利用有限元软件Ansoft Maxwell,建立轴向磁通高速磁阻电机三维模型,在空载情况下对电机性能特性进行仿真分析。基于以上三个关键位置的磁化曲线分析轴向磁通高速磁阻电机的电磁特性,并利用不同函数对三个关键位置磁化曲线及某一给定电流下的曲线进行模化,然后根据磁路饱和非线性的特征,建立电机转矩的解析方程,并将最后计算结果与有限元结果进行比较分析其合理性。结合上述电磁分析和解析计算,形成一套完整的轴向磁通高速磁阻电机的电磁解析方法,并制作相关样机。
[Abstract]:Switched reluctance motor (SRM) has been widely used in shipping, home appliances, national defense and other fields because of its strong structure, stable system, excellent fault tolerance and high controllability. With the opening of the industrial 4.0 era, the new axial flux reluctance motor, which combines the advantages of disk motor and switched reluctance motor, has obvious advantages in the field of motor. On the basis of summing up the current design and development of the axial flux reluctance motor at home and abroad, the electromagnetic analytical method and the finite element method for the analysis and design of a 6 / 4 pole axial flux high speed magnetoresistive motor (Axial Flux High Speed Reluctance Motor,AFHSRM) are studied in this paper. First of all, the paper introduces the main structure of switched reluctance motor and the advantages and disadvantages of each structure, describes the main research methods of switched reluctance motor in detail, and according to the principle of electromagnetic design and performance parameter design of switched reluctance motor. The high speed magnetoresistive motor with axial flux is pre-designed. Secondly, combined with the structural characteristics of axial flux high speed reluctance motor, Using the analytical method to align the axial flux high speed reluctance motor at the center line of the stator and rotor pole (胃 _ a position), the slot center line alignment position (胃 u position) and the stator tooth back edge and rotor tooth front overlap position (胃 _ 1 position), respectively. The magnetization curve at the position is calculated. In order to calculate the magnetization curve of the 胃 a position, the equivalent model of the motor should be established by combining the saturation characteristic of the magnetic circuit at this position, and then the magnetic conductance components should be calculated, and the relationship between the current, rotor position and magnetic density should be analyzed. The results are compared with the results of finite element method to verify the correctness of the analytical method. For the calculation of the magnetization curves of 胃 _ s _ u position and 胃 _ s _ 1 position, it is necessary to analyze the distribution characteristics of the flux chain of the motor according to the unsaturated characteristic of magnetic circuit and the principle of minimum magnetoresistance. The calculation method for each part of the flux is given and the analytical results are compared with those of the finite element method to verify the correctness of the analytical method. Finally, the three-dimensional model of axial flux high-speed reluctance motor is established by using the finite element software Ansoft Maxwell, and the performance of the motor is simulated and analyzed under the condition of no load. Based on the magnetization curves of the above three key positions, the electromagnetic characteristics of the axial flux high speed reluctance motor are analyzed, and the magnetization curves of the three key positions and the curves under a given current are modeled by using different functions. Then, according to the nonlinear characteristic of magnetic circuit saturation, the analytical equation of motor torque is established, and the rationality of the calculation result is compared with that of finite element method. Combined with the above electromagnetic analysis and calculation, a complete electromagnetic analytical method of axial flux high speed reluctance motor is developed, and a related prototype is made.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM352

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