固体氧化物燃料电池用锆基电解质材料研究概述

发布时间：2018-09-19 21:09

【摘要】：固体氧化物燃料电池是一种不受卡诺循环限制、将化学能直接转化为电能的新型发电装置。其具有高效率、环境友好、全固态结构等特点,并且适用于多种燃料气体,因此成为近年来人们关注的焦点。电解质则是整个固体氧化物燃料电池的核心部件,直接决定了固体氧化物燃料电池的工作温度区间和输出特性,甚至连接材料和电极材料也受制于电解质。其中,由于锆基电解质几乎满足固体氧化物燃料电池对电解质物理、化学、电学和机械性能的所有要求,因此成为固体氧化物燃料电池电解质材料研究中应用最多的材料。本文首先介绍了固体氧化物燃料电池的结构及工作原理,系统阐述了锆基电解质材料的晶相结构、离子导电原理,并重点分析了Y_2O_3稳定ZrO_2,Sc_2O_3稳定ZrO_2电解质材料和其他锆基电解质材料的研究现状。最后,本文对常用锆基电解质成型工艺方法进行了总结分析。随着中温固体氧化物燃料电池技术的逐渐成熟及其商业化发展的稳步推进,锆基电解质材料必将在21世纪绿色能源技术中发挥其不可替代的作用。
[Abstract]:Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a new type of power generation device which can convert chemical energy directly into electric energy without the restriction of Carnot cycle. Because of its high efficiency, environmental friendliness, all-solid structure, and suitable for various fuel gases, it has become the focus of attention in recent years. Electrolyte is the core component of the solid oxide fuel cell, which directly determines the operating temperature range and output characteristics of the solid oxide fuel cell, even the connecting material and electrode material are also subject to the electrolyte. Zirconium based electrolyte has been widely used in the research of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) because it meets almost all the requirements of physical, chemical, electrical and mechanical properties of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). In this paper, the structure and working principle of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) are introduced. The crystal phase structure and ionic conduction principle of zirconium based electrolyte are systematically described. The research status of Y_2O_3 stabilized ZrO_2,Sc_2O_3 stabilized ZrO_2 electrolyte materials and other zirconium based electrolyte materials were analyzed. Finally, the common zirconium-based electrolyte molding process was summarized and analyzed. With the development of medium temperature solid oxide fuel cell technology and its commercial development, zirconium based electrolyte will play an irreplaceable role in green energy technology in the 21st century.
【作者单位】：北京有色金属研究总院稀土材料国家工程研究中心有研稀土新材料股份有限公司;
【基金】：国家科技部科技支撑项目(2012BAB10B11)资助
【分类号】：TM911.4

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