永磁同步电动机无位置传感器控制技术的研究
[Abstract]:With the maturity and popularity of power electronics technology in control system, permanent magnet synchronous motor (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,PMSM) plays an important role in various industries. Compared with DC motor, permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) saves brush and commutator. It is simple in structure and safe in operation. Compared with asynchronous motor, PMSM uses permanent magnet to produce magnetic field, and there are no excitation windings on the rotor. Low motor loss, high efficiency and high power factor. It is precisely because of the many advantages of PMSM that it is still the mainstream trend during the 13th Five-Year Plan period in China, in the fields of new energy vehicles, rail transit, elevators, medical machinery, Home appliance industry and marine electric propulsion field are widely used. It can realize high precision control of electric motor by combining with power electronic driving technology and microelectronic control technology. It is the main direction of motor development in the future. In order to accurately control the speed and torque of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the high quality position / speed sensor is an indispensable part of the closed-loop control system. However, the presence of position / velocity sensors not only increases the complexity and cost of the system, but also reduces the robustness of the system. In order to avoid a series of problems caused by the position / velocity sensor, the speed identification method without position / velocity sensor can be used instead of the position / speed sensor to obtain speed information. The research on the sensorless control technology of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has become the focus. This paper studies this problem. The contents of the research are as follows: 1. The vector control system of PMSM is deeply studied, and the existing vector control program of PMSM in the laboratory is modified and perfected. The starting performance of the motor is improved, the speed range of the motor is enlarged, and the experimental results are further enriched. The basic working principle of the model reference adaptive algorithm (Model Reference Adaptive System,MRAS) is analyzed, and the speed identification expression based on the algorithm is derived. The control strategy without position / velocity sensor is realized. The model of the control system is established under MATLAB/Simulink, and the speed of the motor in different running states is identified. The identification results verify the feasibility and accuracy of the speed identification algorithm based on MRAS. The derived speed identification expression is simplified and an improved speed identification expression based on MRAS is obtained. The merits and demerits of the speed identification algorithm are analyzed. On the basis of the voltage closed-loop weak magnetic speed regulation using gradient descent method, the speed identification expression based on model reference adaptive speed identification is applied to the weak magnetic field of the motor, and the simulation experiment is carried out. The feasibility of the speed identification algorithm in the weak magnetic field is verified. 5. The experimental platform of the laboratory is further improved. Based on the vector control program of motor, the relative program of speed identification algorithm is written to realize the control strategy without position / speed sensor, and the experiment is completed on the experimental platform. The experimental results verify the correctness of the proposed method based on model reference adaptive speed estimation.
【学位授予单位】:太原理工大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:TM341
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