双馈风力发电系统控制数字物理混合仿真技术研究

发布时间：2018-10-10 10:08

【摘要】：目前,随着我国的风电装机容量和并网容量不断增长以及单机容量的增大,相应地对于风力发电机组运行效率和故障穿越能力也有了更高的要求。实际运行中的风电系统价格昂贵、结构复杂,直接选取其为研究对象,既不方便也不经济,为了保证风力发电系统安全稳定运行,需要选用合理有效的仿真方法对其控制技术进行研究,而数字物理混合仿真技术结合了数字仿真与物理模拟的优点,可以节约开发时间和硬件成本,是研究风力发电系统特性及运行控制的一种有效手段。本文介绍了风力发电技术的研究现状和双馈风力发电系统的运行原理及组成,综述了风力发电控制系统仿真的研究,对双馈风力发电机的几种主要控制方式进行了比较分析。建立了双馈风力发电系统的数学模型,详细研究了背靠背双PWM变流器及其控制系统,推导空载并网控制策略及最大功率追踪控制策略,基于定子电压定向实现定子有功及无功功率的解耦控制,分析比较常用的低电压穿越技术,重点阐述了 Crowbar保护电路控制的原理。对数字物理混合仿真的相关理论进行了深入研究,介绍了混合仿真的基本原理和主要接口类型,基于RTDS和实际的控制器开发了 1套数字物理混合仿真系统,分别设计了混合仿真系统的数字侧系统和物理侧系统,两者之间通过RTDS配备的GTIO板卡传输数据。在数字侧设计了双馈风电系统主回路和变流器控制程序以及Crowbar保护电路,物理侧系统包含有实现硬件在环的控制器实物和相关接口电路及控制程序。利用研制的数字物理混合仿真系统,开展了双馈风力发电系统空载并网、最大功率追踪、低电压穿越的混合仿真实验,对实验结果进行了分析,总结了不同风速下并网对风力发电系统的影响,验证了本文所研究双馈风力发电系统控制策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:At present, with the continuous growth of wind power installed capacity, grid-connected capacity and the increase of single machine capacity, there are higher requirements for the operational efficiency and fault traversing capacity of wind turbines. The wind power system in operation is expensive in price and complex in structure. It is neither convenient nor economical to select the wind power system directly as the research object. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the wind power system, It is necessary to select reasonable and effective simulation methods to study its control technology, and the digital physical hybrid simulation technology combines the advantages of digital simulation and physical simulation, which can save development time and hardware cost. It is an effective means to study the characteristics and operation control of wind power system. This paper introduces the research status of wind power generation technology and the operation principle and composition of doubly-fed wind power generation system, summarizes the research of wind power control system simulation, and makes a comparative analysis of several main control modes of doubly-fed wind power generator. The mathematical model of doubly-fed wind power generation system is established. The back-to-back dual PWM converter and its control system are studied in detail. The no-load grid-connected control strategy and maximum power tracking control strategy are derived. The decoupling control of active and reactive power of stator is realized based on stator voltage orientation. The common low voltage traversing technology is analyzed and the principle of Crowbar protection circuit control is expounded. The related theories of digital physical hybrid simulation are deeply studied. The basic principle and main interface types of hybrid simulation are introduced. A set of digital physical hybrid simulation system is developed based on RTDS and actual controller. The digital side system and the physical side system of the hybrid simulation system are designed, and the data are transmitted by the GTIO card equipped with RTDS. The main circuit and converter control program and Crowbar protection circuit of doubly-fed wind power system are designed on the digital side. The physical side system includes the controller physical and related interface circuit and control program which realize the hardware in loop. Using the digital physical hybrid simulation system developed, the hybrid simulation experiments of double-fed wind power generation system with no-load grid-connected, maximum power tracking and low-voltage traversing are carried out. The experimental results are analyzed. The effect of grid-connected wind power system under different wind speeds on wind power system is summarized, and the effectiveness of the control strategy of double-fed wind power generation system studied in this paper is verified.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM614

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