电动汽车用无刷直流电机控制技术研究

发布时间：2018-10-14 18:28

【摘要】：电动汽车具有清洁无污染、能量来源多样化、能量效率高的特点,又便于实现智能化的管理,可以解决燃油汽车带来的能量、环境以及交通等一系列问题,因此电动汽车已成为世界各国的研究热点。我国电动汽车技术还处在起步阶段,各方面的关键技术都需要研究解决。电机及其控制技术是电动汽车的关键技术之一,是研究开发电动汽车首先需要解决的问题。在本文中,研究对象是无刷直流电机,并对控制系统进行设计,使电机运行平稳,减小其波动和噪声。论文首先对直流无刷电机的基本结构进行分析,根据数学建模,并结合电动汽车用电机的应用要求和使用范围,在MATLAB/Simulink仿真平台中,创建了仿真模型,并将先进的PID算法应用到建立的仿真模型之中。最终通过实验验证该先进的PID算法可以有效的提高系统的稳定性、与鲁棒性。在完成论文的基础上。本课题的主要工作和结论如下:(1)利用MATLAB对径向基神经网络PID在无刷直流电机控制中的应用进行仿真研究,证明了径向基神经网络PID比简单的PID控制性能更优越,在仿真结果中,明显的显示出,在动态指标方面,其超调量明显减小、震荡次数、调节时间、上升时间缩短。在稳态性能方面,其调节时间变化并不明显。从总体上证明了径向基神经网络PID比简单的PID控制性能更优越。(2)采用飞思卡尔的MC56F801X系列芯片作为主控电路的核心、并且在驱动电路中采用DRV8301芯片,组成无刷直流电机控制系统的硬件基础,在软件方面采用平台CCS,编制系统的主程序以及中断程序,最后通过软件硬件结合,验证了前述方法的有效性。(3)经过实验验证,本文提出的无刷直流电机控制策略正确、可行。该控制系统硬件简单、提高了系统的可靠性、鲁棒性,具有良好的控制效果。论文所做的工作为无刷直流电机的广泛应用提供了一定的理论参考依据和工程实际方法。
[Abstract]:Electric vehicles have the characteristics of clean and pollution-free, diversified energy sources, high energy efficiency, and easy to realize intelligent management, which can solve a series of problems such as energy, environment and traffic caused by fuel vehicles. Therefore, electric vehicle has become a research hotspot all over the world. Electric vehicle technology in China is still in its infancy, all key technologies need to be studied and solved. Motor and its control technology is one of the key technologies of electric vehicle, which is the first problem to be solved in the research and development of electric vehicle. In this paper, the research object is brushless DC motor, and the control system is designed to make the motor run smoothly and reduce its fluctuation and noise. Firstly, the basic structure of DC brushless motor is analyzed in this paper. According to the mathematical modeling, combined with the application requirement and application range of electric vehicle motor, the simulation model is established in the MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform. The advanced PID algorithm is applied to the established simulation model. Finally, experiments show that the advanced PID algorithm can effectively improve the stability and robustness of the system. On the basis of the completion of the paper. The main work and conclusions are as follows: (1) the application of radial basis function neural network (PID) in brushless DC motor control is simulated by using MATLAB. It is proved that radial basis function neural network (PID) is superior to simple PID in control performance. Obviously, in the aspect of dynamic index, the overshoot is obviously reduced, the frequency of oscillation, the adjustment time and the rising time are shortened. In the aspect of steady-state performance, the change of adjusting time is not obvious. It is proved that the radial basis function neural network PID is superior to the simple PID control performance. (2) Freescale's MC56F801X series chips are used as the core of the main control circuit, and the DRV8301 chip is used in the drive circuit. The hardware foundation of the brushless DC motor control system is composed. In software, the main program and interrupt program of the system are compiled by using the platform CCS,. Finally, the validity of the above method is verified by the combination of software and hardware. (3) the experiment proves that the method is effective. The control strategy of brushless DC motor presented in this paper is correct and feasible. The hardware of the control system is simple, the reliability and robustness of the system are improved, and the control effect is good. The work in this paper provides a certain theoretical reference and practical engineering method for the wide application of brushless DC motor.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM33;U469.72

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