近极槽永磁电机的性能比较研究

发布时间：2018-10-16 19:11

【摘要】：永磁电机相对于传统电励磁电机具有结构简单,体积小,质量轻,输出转矩大,运行可靠等特点,在日常生活,工农业生产和军事中得到了广泛应用。而科学技术的发展及人类社会的进步对电机的性能指标提出了更高的要求。因此,研究高转矩密度、高可靠性、高容错能力以及低转矩脉动等优点集于一身的新型电机来提高人们的生活水平,提高用电效率尤为重要。相近槽极数配合的分数槽永磁电机具有转矩密度高,性能好,经济适用的特点。论文分析比较了槽极数相差2的近极槽永磁电机采用不同绕组配置时电机的性能优势,并提出采用不等齿宽提高电机的转矩密度,以满足数控转台,风力发电,家用电器等应用场合对电机低转速高转矩的要求。首先,以分数槽永磁电机的槽极配合原则为基础,分析相近槽极数永磁电机的槽极配合原则,研究了近极槽永磁电机的数学模型、结构和绕组的连接方式;并分析了永磁电机特有的齿槽转矩的产生机理及抑制方法。其次,确定本文所要研究的近极槽永磁电机为槽极数相差2的12槽10极和12槽14极分别采用全齿绕组和隔齿绕组的4个230W永磁电机,并选择传统的槽极数比为3:2的15槽10极电机做为对照进行对比分析。对电机的尺寸、转子结构、定子绕组分配以及材料选择进行初步设计,并通过有限元软件建模多次仿真优化确定电机的最终设计方案。最后,分析近极槽电机相对于传统槽极配合的分数槽电机的性能优势,并分析近极槽电机槽极数均相差2,槽数多于极数和极数多于槽数时以及相同槽极配合不同绕组连接方式情况下电机的性能特点。研究了相近槽极数永磁电机采用不等齿提高电机转矩密度的原因以及不等齿结构的设计方法,详细对比分析了不同定子齿和齿顶宽设计方案下电机的输出转矩、齿槽转矩和脉动转矩的大小关系,为近极槽不等齿电机的设计提供依据。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional electric excitation motor, the permanent magnet motor has the characteristics of simple structure, small volume, light weight, large output torque, reliable operation and so on. It has been widely used in daily life, industrial and agricultural production and military affairs. The development of science and technology and the progress of human society put forward higher requirements for the performance of motor. Therefore, it is very important to study the new motor with the advantages of high torque density, high reliability, high fault tolerance and low torque ripple to improve people's living standard and power efficiency. The fractional-slot permanent magnet motor with close slot number is characterized by high torque density, good performance and economical applicability. This paper analyzes and compares the performance advantages of the near pole permanent magnet motor with different windings, and puts forward the use of unequal tooth width to increase the torque density of the motor to meet the numerical control turntable and wind power generation. The requirement of low speed and high torque for electrical appliances and other applications. Firstly, on the basis of the principle of slot matching of fractional slot permanent magnet motor, the principle of slot pole coordination of the similar slot pole permanent magnet motor is analyzed, and the mathematical model, structure and winding connection mode of the near pole permanent magnet motor are studied. The generation mechanism and suppression method of the grooving torque of the permanent magnet motor are analyzed. Secondly, it is determined that the near-pole permanent magnet motor studied in this paper is a 12-slot 10 pole with a difference of 2 poles and a 12-slot 14 pole with four 230W permanent magnet motors with full teeth winding and gear separation winding, respectively. The traditional 15 slot 10 pole motor with 3:2 slot pole ratio is chosen as the contrast analysis. The size, rotor structure, stator winding distribution and material selection of the motor are preliminarily designed, and the final design scheme of the motor is determined by the simulation and optimization of the finite element software for many times. Finally, the performance advantages of near-pole slot motor compared with traditional fractional-slot motor are analyzed. The characteristics of the motor are analyzed when the number of slots is more than the poles and the number of poles is more than the number of slots, and when the same slot pole is combined with different winding connection mode, the performance characteristics of the motor are analyzed. In this paper, the reasons for increasing the torque density of the motor with unequal teeth and the design method of the unequal tooth structure are studied, and the output torque of the motor under different stator teeth and tooth top width design schemes are compared and analyzed in detail. The relationship between slot torque and ripple torque provides a basis for the design of near-pole slot unequal tooth motor.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM351

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