电动车用无刷直流电机矢量控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-10-17 17:36

【摘要】：环境和能源问题已经成本世纪国际社会广为关注的话题,电动车作为一种环境友好型、资源节约型的交通工具被人们接受。我国作为世界上人口最多的国家,电动车的产量也位居世界第一,但我国电动车研发的技术仍然相对比较落后,因此,研制出性能优越的电动车对我国环境和能源的发展具有非常重要的实际价值。电动车轮毂电机基本上都是采用无刷直流电机,所以对无刷直流电机的控制器的研究和设计就成为电动车发展和研究的重要部分。本文围绕电动车用无刷直流电机控制器展开理论研究,采用ST公司生产的STM 32系列微控制器作为电机控制器的主控芯片。在对无刷直流电机基本结构、工作原理及其控制策略理论研究的基础之上,通过软件仿真和实验对提出理论算法进行验证和分析,实现了对电动车用无刷直流电机有效的控制。主要研究工作如下:(1)研究了传统的无刷直流电机两两通控制方式,采用双闭环制方式对电机进行控制,并在转速外环和电流内环中都使用了PI控制算法;对上面的控制方式在PSIM中进行了仿真,并分析了仿真结果。(2)研究了无刷直流电机矢量控制系统,建立了无刷直流电机、三相逆变器在不同坐标系的数学模型,并将两者模型联系在一起;分析了 SVPWM算法的具体原理;分析、设计了基于Lyapunov的控制器,实现了无刷直流电机的矢量控制,减少了电机电磁转矩的脉振的问题。(3)研究了无刷直流电机的无速度传感器矢量控制系统,分析滑模变结构控制的基本原理,并将该原理应用到无刷直流电机的无速度传感器的控制中;设置了两相静止坐标系下的自适应滑模观测器数学模型,准确地观测到无刷直流电机的感应电势,实现了无速度控制的目标。(4)设计了无刷直流电机控制的实验平台,对本文中提出的各种理论、算法进行了实验论证。
[Abstract]:Environmental and energy issues have been widely concerned by the international community in the century, electric vehicles as an environmentally friendly, resource-efficient means of transport has been accepted. China, as the most populous country in the world, has the largest output of electric vehicles in the world, but the technology of electric vehicles in our country is still relatively backward, so, The development of electric vehicle with superior performance has very important practical value for the development of environment and energy in our country. The brushless DC motor is basically used in the hub motor of electric vehicle, so the research and design of the controller of the brushless DC motor has become an important part of the development and research of electric vehicle. In this paper, the brushless DC motor controller for electric vehicle is studied theoretically, and the STM 32 series microcontroller produced by ST Company is used as the main control chip of the motor controller. Based on the research on the basic structure, working principle and control strategy of brushless DC motor, the theoretical algorithm is verified and analyzed by software simulation and experiment, and the effective control of brushless DC motor for electric vehicle is realized. The main research work is as follows: (1) the traditional two-way control method of brushless DC motor is studied, and the PI control algorithm is used in the rotating speed outer loop and the current inner loop. The above control methods are simulated in PSIM, and the simulation results are analyzed. (2) the vector control system of brushless DC motor is studied, and the mathematical models of brushless DC motor and three-phase inverter in different coordinate systems are established. The principle of SVPWM algorithm is analyzed and the controller based on Lyapunov is designed to realize the vector control of brushless DC motor. The pulse vibration of motor electromagnetic torque is reduced. (3) the speed sensorless vector control system of brushless DC motor is studied, and the basic principle of sliding mode variable structure control is analyzed. The principle is applied to the speed sensorless control of brushless DC motor, the mathematical model of adaptive sliding mode observer in two-phase stationary coordinate system is set up, and the induction potential of brushless DC motor is accurately observed. (4) the experimental platform of brushless DC motor control is designed, and the various theories and algorithms proposed in this paper are demonstrated experimentally.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM33;U469.72
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本文编号：2277439