大唐同心赖家洼风电场工程造价控制研究

发布时间：2018-10-19 19:26

【摘要】：随着能源消耗速度的加快,不可再生能源供给日趋紧张。国家为改善能源结构,减轻节能减排的巨大压力,保护环境,促进可再生能源的开发利用,实现经济的可持续发展,制定了一系列鼓励开发可再生能源的扶持政策。正是在这样的大背景下,风电迎来了发展的春天。风电所具备的无污染、清洁、经济效益好等优点对当前社会发展来说十分重要,但是在正视风电良性发展的同时,我们也要认识到与火电、水电相比,风力发电成本高、投入大,距离技术成熟还有很长的路要走。继2015年核准的陆上风电项目实行标杆电价降低0.02元/k Wh后,国家发改委2015年12月下发的《关于完善陆上风电、光伏发电上网标杆电价政策的通知》(发改价格[2015]3044号)中,明确2016年陆上风电标杆电价继续下调0.01-0.02元/k Wh,同时2018年继续下调0.02-0.03元/k Wh。电价补贴逐年减少已成为明确政策导向,这对降低风电项目建设投资成本提出了更高要求。当前,使风电工程造价控制在一定范围内,已成为风电项目建设的一个关键点。所以,提高工程建设的技术水平和管理水平,保证质量和工期的同时,科学合理的进行造价控制,对我国风电项目的开发建设具有重要意义。所谓工程造价控制管理,就是在工程建设的各个阶段应用先进的组织措施、技术措施和经济措施,在优化设计方案和建设方案的基础上,把工程造价控制在合理的投资限额内,以最小的人、财、物力,获得最好的经济效益和社会效益。在我国的风电建设过程中,造价失控现象时有发生,工程造价概算超估算、预算超概算、决算超预算的现象严重影响着建设项目的效益。笔者通过阅读大量的关于造价控制管理的研究文献,以造价控制管理相关理论为基础,结合相关的建筑经济学、计算机科学、系统论等理论知识,借鉴国内外现有的关于风电场工程建设项目造价控制的研究成果,对风电场工程建设造价全过程进行了科学严谨的研究分析。本文通过阐述国内外关于风电场工程造价控制管理的研究现状,以大唐同心赖家洼风电项目工程为例,探讨了其建设全过程造价控制管理中存在的不足,并分析了项目建设各个阶段的造价预算,针对其中存在的问题,从影响风电场工程造价控制管理因素的角度出发提出解决对策与保障措施。也期望通过对大唐同心赖家洼风电项目工程的造价控制研究,能够总结积累工程造价控制研究的方法,拓宽思路,为同类型的风电场建设项目构建科学、合理、有效的造价控制体系提供参考,提升风电场建设项目的造价控制管理水平,降低工程投资的财务风险。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of energy consumption, the supply of non-renewable energy is becoming increasingly tight. In order to improve the energy structure, reduce the great pressure of energy saving and emission reduction, protect the environment, promote the development and utilization of renewable energy, and realize the sustainable development of economy, the state has formulated a series of supporting policies to encourage the development of renewable energy. It is in this context, wind power ushered in the spring of development. The advantages of wind power, such as no pollution, clean and good economic benefits, are very important to the current social development. However, while facing up to the benign development of wind power, we should also realize that compared with thermal power and hydropower, the cost of wind power generation is high. Big investment, there is still a long way to go from mature technology. Following the benchmark electricity price reduction of 0.02 yuan / k Wh for the onshore wind power project approved in 2015, the National Development and Reform Commission issued in December 2015 a notice on the improvement of the Land Wind Power, Photovoltaic Power Grid benchmark electricity Price Policy (Development and Reform Price [2015] 3044). It is clear that the benchmark price of land wind power in 2016 will continue to be reduced by 0.01-0.02 yuan / k Wh, and 0.02-0.03 yuan / k Wh. in 2018. The reduction of electricity price subsidies has become a clear policy direction, which puts forward higher requirements for reducing the investment cost of wind power projects. At present, the cost control of wind power project has become a key point of wind power project construction. Therefore, it is of great significance for the development and construction of wind power projects in our country to improve the technical level and management level of engineering construction, ensure the quality and duration of the project, and carry out the scientific and reasonable cost control at the same time. The so-called project cost control management means the application of advanced organizational, technical and economic measures in every stage of the project construction, and the control of the project cost within a reasonable investment limit on the basis of the optimization of the design scheme and the construction plan. With the smallest person, money, material resources, obtain the best economic and social benefits. In the process of wind power construction in our country, the phenomenon of out of control of construction cost occurs from time to time. The phenomenon of project cost estimate exceeding estimate, budget exceeding budget estimate and final account exceeding budget seriously affects the benefit of construction project. By reading a large number of research documents on cost control management, the author combines the relevant theories of building economics, computer science, system theory and so on, based on the theory of cost control management. Based on the existing research results of wind farm construction project cost control at home and abroad, this paper makes a scientific and rigorous research and analysis on the whole process of wind farm project construction cost. In this paper, the current situation of research on cost control management of wind farm project at home and abroad is expounded. Taking the project of Tongxin Lai Jiawa wind power project in Datang as an example, the shortcomings of cost control management in the whole process of construction are discussed. The cost budget of each stage of the project construction is analyzed. In view of the existing problems, the countermeasures and guarantee measures are put forward from the point of view of the factors affecting the control and management of the project cost of the wind farm. It is also expected that through the study of the cost control of the Tongxin Lai Jiawa wind power project in Datang, it will be able to sum up the research methods of the accumulated project cost control, broaden the thinking, and build a scientific and reasonable construction project for the same type of wind farm. The effective cost control system can improve the cost control management level of wind farm construction project and reduce the financial risk of project investment.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM614;TU723.3

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