太阳能光伏板清灰机器设备的动力学研究

发布时间：2018-10-24 14:22

【摘要】：随着全球的资源日益枯竭,新能源越来越受到人们的重视,太阳能光伏发电作为一种新型的发电方式受到全世界的热捧,但是“积灰效应”严重地影响着发电效率。开发一种新型高效的太阳能光伏板清灰设备迫在眉睫。由于太阳能光伏板本身的尺寸很大,因此设计出的快速、高效、灵敏响应的清灰设备尺寸很大,它是一种类似于大型工程机械中的机械臂结构,要使得设备能够正常运行,针对设备的主体部分的静力和动力分析,以及进行相关的动力参数的研究是保证设备可靠性的重要前提。本文结合甘肃省兰州市科技发展计划项目“太阳能光伏板干式清理机器人研发及产业化”(编号2015-3-118),对太阳能清灰设备进行了静力学分析,建立了设备的主体部分的各个组成机构的动力学模型,构建了整个设备的虚拟样机,并且在已知的动力学参数下,研究了设备正常工作的可靠性。针对整套设备的悬臂外伸特征,对整套设备工作时出现的车体倾覆的情况进行分类,总结出三种最危险的状态,并建立相关的模型,最后推出在车体不倾覆的条件下设备本体所能吊起的最大刷体清灰机构的重量,验证已开发的刷体清灰机构是否满足条件。基于Workbench建立设备主体部分的有限元模型,分析在最恶劣的工况下,设备的应力与变形图,验证设备的各主要组成部分的结构的合理性。针对整套设备工作时的特点,把整套设备主体部分分为四个机构组成,其中利用作图法建立了设备主体的核心机构—推拉机构的动力学模型,并且引入了海赛阶跃函数更好地去模拟实际工况下,油缸的活塞杆的运动规律,运用MATLAB最终得到了总装体(为了便于分析将刷体清灰机构与主梁机构看成一个整体)的角速度与角加速度的曲线图,建立设备的推算系统,并且基于推算系统建立了其余三个机构的动力学方程。基于ADAMS建立了整套设备的虚拟样机,模拟设备的整个运行过程,分别分析了设备各个机构工作时,对应的总装体的角速度和角加速度、速度和加速度的曲线图,分析了设备中各主要的铰接点处的受力情况,为后续的优化工作提供理论支撑。
[Abstract]:With the depletion of global resources, people pay more and more attention to new energy sources. Solar photovoltaic power generation as a new type of power generation is popular all over the world, but "ash effect" seriously affects the efficiency of power generation. It is urgent to develop a new type of efficient solar photovoltaic cleaning equipment. Because the size of solar photovoltaic panels is very large, the design of a fast, efficient and sensitive ash cleaning equipment is very large. It is similar to the mechanical arm structure in large construction machinery, and it should make the equipment run normally. The static and dynamic analysis of the main part of the equipment and the study of the related dynamic parameters are the important prerequisites to ensure the reliability of the equipment. In this paper, the research and industrialization of dry cleaning robot for solar photovoltaic panels (No. 2015-3-118), a scientific and technological development project of Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, is studied in this paper. The dynamic model of each component mechanism of the main part of the equipment is established, and the virtual prototype of the whole equipment is constructed. The reliability of the equipment working normally is studied under the known dynamic parameters. According to the cantilever outstretched characteristics of the whole set of equipment, the overturning of the car body during the working of the whole set of equipment is classified, and the three most dangerous states are summed up, and the relevant models are established. Finally, the weight of the maximum brush cleaning mechanism which can be hoisted by the equipment body without overturning is put forward, and it is verified that the developed cleaning mechanism satisfies the conditions. The finite element model of the main part of the equipment is established based on Workbench, and the stress and deformation diagram of the equipment under the worst working conditions is analyzed to verify the rationality of the structure of the main components of the equipment. According to the characteristics of the whole equipment, the main part of the whole equipment is divided into four parts, and the dynamic model of the core mechanism of the equipment body, the push-pull mechanism, is established by using the drawing method. And the step function is introduced to simulate the motion of piston rod in actual working condition. By using MATLAB, the curves of angular velocity and angular acceleration of the final assembly (in order to facilitate the analysis of the brushing mechanism and the main beam mechanism as a whole) are obtained, and the calculation system of the equipment is established. The dynamic equations of the other three mechanisms are established based on the calculation system. The virtual prototype of the whole equipment is established based on ADAMS, the whole operation process of the equipment is simulated, and the curves of angular velocity and angular acceleration, velocity and acceleration of the assembly are analyzed respectively when each mechanism of the equipment is working. In order to provide theoretical support for the following optimization work, the stress of the main hinge points in the equipment is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM615

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