基于系统高频阻抗测量的配电网故障定位方法研究
发布时间：2018-10-29 10:30
【摘要】：快速和准确的故障定位对于迅速恢复配电网供电至关重要。随着电力电子技术的快速发展与应用,新能源发电技术日趋成熟,高渗透率的分布式电源接入配网成为一种趋势。而分布式电源短路时的故障特性与传统同步发电机差别较大,与控制策略等因素密切相关。当配网中分布式电源比例较高、分布式电源整体提供短路电流的能力较强时,会给配网原有的基于工频电流的保护和故障定位方法带来一定的挑战。本论文从系统故障后高频信息的角度出发,研究了基于系统高频阻抗测量的故障定位方法,实现对含高比例分布式电源配网的故障定位。论文首先分析了系统故障以后高频信息存在的理论依据。通过对常用时-频变换方法的比较,选定了高频阻抗信息的获取方式。在多点量测的基础上,提出了一种基于系统高频阻抗测量的配网故障定位方法,以故障高频信号为源,得到线路始末端各测点的高频阻抗值,通过比较各测量装置组内高频阻抗值的大小关系确定故障线路位置,实现快速有效的定位。并对过渡电阻、不平衡负荷、测点不足等因素对本方法的影响进行了分析。其次建立了直接并网类分布式电源和经逆变器并网类分布式电源的高频阻抗模型,通过对两类分布式电源的建模分析证明了其在故障后高频分量网络中具有稳定的高频阻抗模型及高频阻抗值,并通过仿真验证了所建模型的正确性,表明本论文所提基于高频阻抗测量的故障定位方法对含高比例分布式电源的配网完全适用。利用故障后短窗数据计算高频阻抗值可以有效避免分布式电源控制策略以及输出功率变化的影响。与分布式电源的工频模型相比,其高频阻抗模型更具确定性和普适性。最后基于IEEE 33节点配电系统的结构和参数,搭建了含高比例分布式电源配网仿真算例,对所提故障定位方法进行验证。仿真结果表明所提故障定位方法合理、有效,能够正确地定位故障线路,并且不受过渡电阻、不平衡负荷等因素的影响,原理简单,无需数值整定,具有较好的自适应性。
[Abstract]:Fast and accurate fault location is very important to restore the power supply of distribution network quickly. With the rapid development and application of power electronics technology, new energy generation technology is becoming more and more mature. The fault characteristics of distributed power supply are different from those of traditional synchronous generator and are closely related to control strategy and so on. When the proportion of distributed power supply in distribution network is high and the ability of distributed power supply to provide short circuit current is strong, it will bring some challenges to the original protection and fault location method based on power frequency current in distribution network. In this paper, from the point of view of high frequency information after system failure, the fault location method based on system high frequency impedance measurement is studied, and the fault location of distribution network with high proportion of distributed power supply is realized. Firstly, the theoretical basis for the existence of high frequency information after the system failure is analyzed. The method of obtaining high frequency impedance information is selected by comparing the common time-frequency transform methods. On the basis of multipoint measurement, a fault location method of distribution network based on system high frequency impedance measurement is proposed. The high frequency impedance of each measuring point at the beginning and end of the line is obtained by using the fault high frequency signal as the source. The location of fault line is determined by comparing the relationship between the high frequency impedance values of each measuring device group, and the location of fault line is realized quickly and effectively. The effects of transition resistance, unbalanced load and insufficient measuring point on this method are analyzed. Secondly, the high frequency impedance models of direct grid-connected distributed power supply and grid-connected power supply via inverter are established. Through modeling and analysis of two kinds of distributed power supply, it is proved that it has stable high frequency impedance model and high frequency impedance value in the high frequency component network after failure, and the correctness of the model is verified by simulation. The results show that the proposed fault location method based on high frequency impedance measurement is suitable for the distribution network with high proportion of distributed power. Using the short window data to calculate the high frequency impedance value can effectively avoid the influence of the control strategy and the output power change of the distributed power generation. Compared with the power frequency model of distributed generation, the high frequency impedance model is more deterministic and universal. Finally, based on the structure and parameters of IEEE 33-bus distribution system, a simulation example of distribution network with high proportion of distributed power supply is built, and the proposed fault location method is verified. The simulation results show that the proposed fault location method is reasonable and effective, and it can locate the fault line correctly, and it is not affected by the factors such as transition resistance, unbalanced load and so on. The principle is simple and no numerical tuning is needed, so it has good adaptability.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM732;TM934.7
本文编号：2297438
[Abstract]:Fast and accurate fault location is very important to restore the power supply of distribution network quickly. With the rapid development and application of power electronics technology, new energy generation technology is becoming more and more mature. The fault characteristics of distributed power supply are different from those of traditional synchronous generator and are closely related to control strategy and so on. When the proportion of distributed power supply in distribution network is high and the ability of distributed power supply to provide short circuit current is strong, it will bring some challenges to the original protection and fault location method based on power frequency current in distribution network. In this paper, from the point of view of high frequency information after system failure, the fault location method based on system high frequency impedance measurement is studied, and the fault location of distribution network with high proportion of distributed power supply is realized. Firstly, the theoretical basis for the existence of high frequency information after the system failure is analyzed. The method of obtaining high frequency impedance information is selected by comparing the common time-frequency transform methods. On the basis of multipoint measurement, a fault location method of distribution network based on system high frequency impedance measurement is proposed. The high frequency impedance of each measuring point at the beginning and end of the line is obtained by using the fault high frequency signal as the source. The location of fault line is determined by comparing the relationship between the high frequency impedance values of each measuring device group, and the location of fault line is realized quickly and effectively. The effects of transition resistance, unbalanced load and insufficient measuring point on this method are analyzed. Secondly, the high frequency impedance models of direct grid-connected distributed power supply and grid-connected power supply via inverter are established. Through modeling and analysis of two kinds of distributed power supply, it is proved that it has stable high frequency impedance model and high frequency impedance value in the high frequency component network after failure, and the correctness of the model is verified by simulation. The results show that the proposed fault location method based on high frequency impedance measurement is suitable for the distribution network with high proportion of distributed power. Using the short window data to calculate the high frequency impedance value can effectively avoid the influence of the control strategy and the output power change of the distributed power generation. Compared with the power frequency model of distributed generation, the high frequency impedance model is more deterministic and universal. Finally, based on the structure and parameters of IEEE 33-bus distribution system, a simulation example of distribution network with high proportion of distributed power supply is built, and the proposed fault location method is verified. The simulation results show that the proposed fault location method is reasonable and effective, and it can locate the fault line correctly, and it is not affected by the factors such as transition resistance, unbalanced load and so on. The principle is simple and no numerical tuning is needed, so it has good adaptability.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM732;TM934.7
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