基于广域预测控制的电力系统阻尼控制研究

发布时间：2018-10-29 16:30

【摘要】：由于近些年来电网规模的日益增大,结构越来越复杂,由此而产生的低频振荡问题是不可忽视的。传统型阻尼控制一般来说都是选择本地测量信号作为其输入信号,通过该控制作用,针对本地振荡模式的阻尼效果较好,但对提升区域间模式的阻尼有限,因而对于区域间振荡不能达到很好的抑制效果,区域间振荡仍然是亟待解决的主要问题。基于此背景,全文主要研究内容如下:首先,建立了多机电力系统状态空间模型,并推导了基于系统状态空间模型的模型预测控制器(Model Predictive Controller,MPC)的预测方程和目标函数,并采用新的留数矩阵法选择控制器的反馈信号和安装地点,为后面的阻尼控制器设计奠定基础。其次,提出一种基于模型预测控制的新型阻尼控制器设计方法。为抑制区间低频振荡,该控制器由2级构成,其输入信号分别为广域测量信号和本地测量信号。采用留数矩阵法选择广域控制回路,通过模式辨识进行阻尼控制。将模型预测控制器用于广域附加阻尼控制,与本地PSS协调作用,通过模型预测和优化求解,得到励磁控制器的最优控制输入,以实现电压调节和增强阻尼之间的动态协调,提高系统的动态稳态性能。最后,为了测试所设计的阻尼控制器的控制效果,采用典型的四机两区系统和10机39节点系统进行仿真,仿真结果表明基于MPC的广域阻尼控制器的控制效果明显优于传统的阻尼控制,可以快速调节机端电压,显著改善互联电网阻尼。
[Abstract]:Due to the increasing scale and complex structure of power grid in recent years, the problem of low frequency oscillation can not be ignored. The traditional damping control usually selects the local measurement signal as its input signal. Through this control effect, the damping effect of the local oscillation mode is better, but the damping of the lifting inter-region mode is limited. Therefore, the inter-regional oscillation can not achieve a good suppression effect, inter-regional oscillation is still the main problem to be solved. Based on this background, the main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the state space model of multi-machine power system is established, and the prediction equation and objective function of the model predictive controller (Model Predictive Controller,MPC based on the system state space model are derived. A new residue matrix method is used to select the feedback signal and installation location of the controller, which lays the foundation for the design of the damping controller. Secondly, a new damping controller design method based on model predictive control is proposed. In order to suppress the interval low frequency oscillation, the controller consists of two stages. The input signal is a wide area measurement signal and a local measurement signal. The residue matrix method is used to select the wide area control loop and the damping control is carried out by pattern identification. The model predictive controller is applied to the wide-area additional damping control, which harmonizes with the local PSS. The optimal control input of the excitation controller is obtained by model prediction and optimization, so as to realize the dynamic coordination between voltage regulation and enhanced damping. Improve the dynamic steady-state performance of the system. Finally, in order to test the control effect of the designed damping controller, the typical four-machine two-zone system and the 10-machine 39-bus system are simulated. The simulation results show that the control effect of the wide area damping controller based on MPC is obviously better than that of the traditional damping control, and the terminal voltage can be adjusted quickly and the damping of the interconnected power network can be significantly improved.
【学位授予单位】：东北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM712

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