连续波回旋管的热特性研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 19:26

本文关键词：连续波回旋管的热特性研究　出处：《电子科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：回旋管因能在毫米波及亚毫米波波段内有效且稳定地工作,并可以产生高功率、宽带宽和高效率的毫米波源,使其在通信、雷达、电子对抗、受控热核聚变、微波武器和医疗设备等方面有着重要的应用前景。但随着回旋管所产生的连续波功率和脉冲峰值功率的增加,对回旋管散热系统设计的困难程度也会变得更加困难。这是因为回旋管自身的材料具有介质损耗,在正常工作时会损耗一部分功率,产生一定的热量。如果没有及时地对产生的热量进行有效的处理,就有可能会导致回旋管中某些脆弱的部件发生破裂现象。因此,研究回旋管各个部件的散热机理,对提高回旋管的工作性能、寿命已变得十分重要。本论文利用ANSYS软件对回旋管输出窗和收集极的散热问题及热形变进行详细的研究,分析了输出窗和收集极在不同情况下的散热效果,以及热应力对它们的工作性能及结构的影响。本论文的主要工作有:1.简述传热学的基本理论与ANSYS软件对传热学的相关理论作了简要的说明,并分析了不同情况下对流换热的实验关联式;简要介绍了ANSYS的两个基本功能:热分析和热应力分析。2.对回旋管输出窗的热特性分析输出窗是连续波回旋管的关键部件之一,起着将大气与回旋管内部的真空隔开、传输能量的作用,它的好坏直接影响到回旋管的性能和寿命。本文对回旋管输出窗的热特性进行研究,首先分析了输出窗的设计要求,对比不同材料的性能,选择氧化铍陶瓷作为窗片材料;然后在理论的基础上推导计算了窗片的功率损耗和对流换热系数的大小;最后利用ANSYS软件进行热特性分析,分析结果表明氧化铍陶瓷适合作为连续波回旋管的输出窗片。3.对回旋管收集极的热特性分析在回旋管正常工作时,收集极因受到电子的直接轰击而产生大量的热量,导致收集极上的温度可达到几百摄氏度,从而影响了回旋管的密封性能和管内的真空度。本文利用ANSYS软件对收集极进行了热特性分析,针对性地优化了收集极散热结构的相关参数。分析结果表明,收集极的散热槽数、槽宽、槽深和壁厚都对温度分布有着不同程度的影响。经过综合比较,设计了一个理想的散热系统。本文研究的内容和结果可以为实际工程设计提供一个可靠的设计指导。
[Abstract]:Because the gyrotron can sweep efficiently and stably work in sub millimeter wave in mm, and can produce high power, wide bandwidth and high efficiency millimeter wave source, which in communication, radar, electronic warfare, controlled thermonuclear fusion, have important application prospect of microwave weapons and medical equipment and so on. But with the continuous increase wave power gyrotron generated and the pulse peak power, the degree of difficulty of the gyrotron cooling system design will become more difficult. This is because the gyrotron materials with dielectric loss, loss of power in a part of normal work, have a certain amount of heat. If not timely to produce heat effective treatment, it may lead to some gyrotron fragile components rupture phenomenon. Therefore, study on the mechanism of heat dissipation of gyrotron components, to improve the working life of the gyrotron can. It is very important. This paper uses ANSYS software to conduct a detailed study of the gyrotron output window and heat collector and heat deformation, analysis of the output window and the collector in the cooling effect under different conditions, and the thermal stress affect the performance and structure of them. The main work of this paper is the related theory of basic theory and ANSYS software 1. the heat transfer of heat transfer are described, and the analysis of the experimental correlations under different conditions of convective heat transfer; briefly introduces two basic functions: ANSYS thermal capacity analysis of.2. on gyrotron output window of the output window is one of the key parts of continuous wave gyrotron should be thermal analysis and plays, and the atmosphere will be separated from the internal vacuum gyrotron, energy transfer effect, which directly affects the performance and life of the gyrotron. This paper on gyrotron output window To study the thermal characteristics, firstly analyzes the design requirements of the output window, comparing the performance of different materials, selection of beryllia ceramics as the window materials; then we derive the heat transfer coefficient and power loss of the convection window to calculate size on the basis of the theory; finally, thermal analysis using ANSYS software, analysis results show that the beryllium oxide as for ceramic output window.3. CW gyrotron on gyrotron collect thermal analysis of pipe work in a cyclotron, collector for direct bombardment by electrons and produce large amounts of heat, resulting in collecting on the temperature can reach hundreds of degrees Celsius, thus affecting the sealing performance and gyrotron the vacuum tube collector. In this paper, the thermal characteristic analysis using ANSYS software to optimize the structure parameters of collector cooling. The analysis results show that the powder collector The number of heat troughs, the width of grooves, the depth of the grooves and the thickness of the wall all have different degrees of influence on the temperature distribution. After the comparison, an ideal cooling system is designed. The research contents and results in this paper can provide a reliable design guide for the actual engineering design.

【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN12

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