高速电路中的信号完整性和电源完整性研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 23:12

本文关键词：高速电路中的信号完整性和电源完整性研究　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：根据摩尔定律,电子产品朝着小、快、便宜的方向发展。IC制造工艺不断进步,片上尺寸不断减小,芯片逐渐向高速电路靠拢,曾今的低速电路已经不能满足人们日常生活需要。在高速电路时代,信号完整性与电源完整性问题逐渐引起人们的重视。本文针对高速电路中信号完整性(Signal Integrity SI)与电源完整性(Power Integrity PI)问题,从基本原理、仿真模型以及实例仿真等角度进行研究,主要有以下几点:1.首先对传输线模型进行研究,高速电路设计中曾经作为连接器件的导线已经不再适用,传输线才是当今电路设计中应用最为广泛的工具。通过对传输线等效模型的研究,可以推导出电流电压的关系以及信号反射的机理。然后对信号完整性(包括信号的反射、振铃、端接方式和串扰模型等)与电源完整性问题(包括供电网络、PDN系统噪声、去耦电容原理和目标阻抗等)进行理论研究。通过对传输线理论以及SI/PI理论的研究,可以为高速电路仿真奠定数学模型基础。2.重点研究了几种常用的SI/PI仿真模型,主要包括S参数模型、眼图原理与测量以及IBIS模型。这三者都是目前高速电路仿真中常用的仿真模型,其中IBIS模型最为重要,它是当今高速电路SI仿真中最主要的工具之一。通过仿真模型的数学推导与讨论,可以为实际仿真提供理论依据。此外,在高速电路中过孔的寄生效应会对电路性能产生很大的影响,本文建立了过孔等效模型,通过对过孔等效电路寄生电容与寄生电感的研究与计算,提出布局布线中的注意事项,从而避免对电路性能造成干扰。3.以手机中常用LPDDR2芯片电路板为实例,进行PI与SI仿真验证。对于PI仿真,提取电路板参数后测量电源分配网络阻抗,测得阻抗值与目标比对后可以判断电源网络的优劣。通过仿真结果得出结论,电路中加入去耦电容,可以有效降低PDN阻抗。对于SI仿真,同样经过参数提取,在仿真软件中搭建Testbench,通过仿真数据绘制的眼图判断数据传输是否合理。根据仿真结果得出结论,信号线重叠会使数据传输受到干扰,调整后再次搭建Testbench进行时域仿真,数据线眼图得以改善。通过以上几方面的研究与验证,强调了SI与PI在高速电路设计中的重要性,也为以后的研究提供了理论与技术支持。
[Abstract]:According to Moore's law, electronic products towards small, fast, cheap in the direction of the development of.IC manufacturing technology continues to progress, on chip sizedecreases chip gradually move closer to the high-speed circuit, once the low speed circuit has been unable to meet the needs of everyday life. In the era of high speed circuit, the problem of signal integrity and power integrity has gradually attracted people attention. According to the high-speed circuit signal integrity (Signal Integrity SI) and power integrity (Power Integrity PI), from the basic principle, simulation model and Simulation of research, the following main points: 1. firstly, the transmission line model of high speed circuit design used as wires the device is no longer applicable, the transmission line is the circuit design of the most widely used tool. Through the research on the equivalent transmission line model, we can deduce the current voltage The mechanism and the relationship between the reflected signals. Then the signal integrity (including signal reflection, ringing, crosstalk and terminationmethods model) and power integrity (including power supply network, PDN system noise, decoupling capacitor principle and target impedance) are studied theoretically. Based on the transmission line theory and SI/PI theory the can for the high-speed circuit simulation model based.2. lay emphasis on the SI/PI simulation model of several commonly used, including S model, IBIS model and the measurement principle and the eye. These three are commonly used in simulation model of high-speed circuit simulation, the IBIS model is the most important, it is one of the most important the tools in the SI high-speed circuit simulation. Through mathematical derivation and discussion of the simulation model, can provide a theoretical basis for the actual simulation. In addition, a parasitic effect hole on the circuit in high speed circuit Have a great effect on the performance, this paper establishes a hole equivalent model, through the research and calculation of hole equivalent circuit parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance, put forward the matters needing attention in the layout, so as to avoid the circuit performance caused by common LPDDR2 interference.3. to mobile phone chip in the circuit board as an example, the PI and SI simulation for PI simulation, power distribution network impedance measurement extraction circuit parameters, the measured impedance value and target alignment can determine the pros and cons of power network. Through the simulation results conclude that adding decoupling capacitors in the circuit, can effectively reduce the PDN impedance. For SI simulation, through parameter extraction, built in the simulation software Testbench through the simulation, rendering the eye judgment data transmission is reasonable. According to the simulation results conclude that signal line overlap makes data transmission interference, adjust again after build Testbench time domain simulation, the data line can be improved. The eye through the research and verification of the above several aspects, stressed the importance of SI and PI in the design of high-speed circuits, but also for future research to provide theoretical and technical support.

【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN405

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