空间相机检测系统的信号与电源完整性研究与实现

发布时间：2018-03-24 22:27

本文选题：高速数字设计　切入点：远距离传输　出处：《武汉大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：随着半导体技术的发展,无论是军用航空航天设备还是民用消费电子设备,系统的集成度正变得越来越高,处理器的频率也越来越高,与此同时,系统供电电压和系统功耗却越来越低。因此,高速数字电路系统的设计与实现过程中会不可避免地碰到各种信号完整性问题和电源完整性问题。本文以空间相机视频检测设备这一工程实例为研究背景,以经典信号完整性、电源完整性理论为基础,完成了以下几项工作：解决了多通道高速空间相机图像数据有效传输距离短、误码率高的问题,提出并实现了在接收端的有源均衡方案。该方案首先分析了图像数据信号的非直流平衡特性,再基于长距离传输线缆的测量数据,建立了该线缆的数学模型,并根据该模型反映出的衰减特性设计了接收均衡电路,该电路利用差分高速运算放大器的高增益和相位超前网络的频率选择特性补偿了远距离传输通道对信号的衰减。仿真结果表明均衡后的信道支持250Mbps的高速并行传输,眼图测量结果进一步表明了该均衡方案能够显著减小抖动和符号间干扰,使得均衡后的信号有清晰的上升和下降边沿。最后,通过帧计数、校验、Signal Tap逻辑分析仪、发送灰度条和实际图片的方式再次验证了系统在80米距离和250Mbps速率下的无误码传输。为了验证及评估空间相机检测设备的高速串行信号传输的可靠性,提出了对设备的高速信号链路进行建模及协同仿真的方法。该方法首先建立了高速串行信号链路的混合模型,包括高速收发器SPICE模型、收发器晶片到封装焊球之间键合线的RLGC模型、SIwave提取的PCB布线的S参数模型、SATA连接器及其线缆的S参数模型。然后基于ADS仿真平台,通过频域的S参数仿真和时域的眼图仿真,分析了整个信号链路以及各互联结构对高速信号传输的影响。频域、时域仿真结果都表明该传输链路支持3.125Gbps的Rapid 10最高传输速率,系统实际测试的误码率低于10E-14。针对过孔转换结构对信号传输的不良影响,以及对电源地平面之间的噪声耦合,本文在统一的实验平台上对各种过孔转换设计方案进行建模、仿真、分析和改进,最终提出了一种新型的结合电磁带隙结构和电容退耦阵列的过孔转换结构。频域S参数测量结果表明该结构在不增加印制电路板叠层层数的情况下,过孔信号传输具有0-8.8GHz的超宽带宽,带宽范围内的插入损耗波动小于0.4dB,而且信号与电源地平面之间的噪声耦合最坏情况下不超过-20dB。时域信号波形和噪声波形的测量结果同样也表明该结构在信号完整性和电源完整性方面的优势。最后,眼图仿真及其相关参数的对比再次验证了该结构具有优良的信号传输特性和电源噪声抑制特性。研究了平面型电磁带隙(EBG)结构的尺寸参数与其电磁特性之间的解析计算关系,介绍了一种EBG综合设计流程。并根据该设计流程、利用高性能的布谷鸟搜索算法实现了EBG结构的自动设计及其参数的快速优化。根据优化结果电磁仿真结果的对比与分析,指出了EBG解析计算结果偏差较大的根本原因,且提出了一种改进的EBG解析计算方法。该方法首先建立EBG结构的RLC等效电路模型,并通过该模型的SPICE仿真结果初步验证了电路模型的合理性和有效性；然后基于Matlab平台求解该模型的阻抗矩阵得到原EBG结构的S参数,从而实现了对EBG结构带隙频率下限的解析计算。最后,通过与HFSS全波电磁仿真结果的对比,验证了本文提出的解析方法具有很高的精度,能够使EBG结构的设计与优化结果更为准确可靠。本文提出的高速信号远距离传输方案和高速串行链路建模仿真方法、超宽带过孔转换结构以及电磁带隙结构的智能优化算法都经过实验验证,成功运用在了空间相机视频检测系统中。而且,本文提出的各种方案和方法也同样适用于其他各种高速数字电路系统,具有很好的应用价值。
[Abstract]:With the development of semiconductor technology, whether military or civilian aerospace equipment, consumer electronics equipment, system integration is becoming more and more high, the frequency of the processor is more and more high, at the same time, the system power supply voltage and power consumption of the system is more and more low. Therefore, the process of design and implementation of high speed digital circuit system will inevitably to meet the problems of signal integrity and power integrity problems. This paper takes the video space camera detection equipment of this project as research background, based on classical signal integrity, power integrity theory as the foundation, complete the following tasks: to solve the multi channel data in high speed image space camera effective transmission distance is short, high the problem of error rate, is proposed and implemented in the active equalization scheme for the receiver. In this scheme, the analysis of non DC balance characteristics of the image data signal, and based on long Distance measurement data transmission cable, establishes the mathematical model of the cable, and according to this model reflects the attenuation characteristics of the design of receiving the equalization circuit, the circuit using high differential gain and phase high speed operational amplifier lead network frequency characteristics compensation far distance transmission channel of signal attenuation. The simulation results show that the high speed parallel transmission channel equalization after the support of 250Mbps, the eye measurement results show that this scheme can significantly reduce the jitter and intersymbol interference, the equalized signal has a clear rising and falling edge. Finally, through the frame count, check, Signal Tap logic analyzer, send the gray bar and the actual pictures way again to verify the error free transmission system at a distance of 80 meters and 250Mbps rate under high-speed serial signal transmission. In order to validate and evaluate the detection device of space camera The reliability of proposed high-speed signal link of the equipment modeling and collaborative simulation method. This method firstly established a mixed model of high-speed serial signal link, including high speed transceiver SPICE model, RLGC model to wafer packaging solder ball bonding wire transceiver, S parameter model SIwave extraction PCB layout, S model SATA connector and cable. Then based on the ADS simulation platform, through the eye simulation of S parameter simulation and time domain frequency domain, analyzed the influence of the signal and the link interconnection structure on high speed signal transmission. In frequency domain, time domain simulation results show that the transmission link support 3.125Gbps Rapid 10 maximum transmission rate and BER testing the adverse effects rate is lower than the 10E-14. hole transfer structure for signal transmission, and the noise coupling between the power plane, based on the uniform experiment On the platform of various via transition design modeling, simulation, analysis and improvement, finally put forward a new combination of electromagnetic conversion structure via bandgap structure and decoupling capacitor array. The measurement results show that the frequency domain parameters of S structure without increasing the printed circuit board layers under the condition of a hole signal transmission with 0-8.8GHz ultra wideband wide bandwidth range of the insertion loss fluctuation is less than 0.4dB, the measurement results and the worst noise coupling between the signal and the power plane of not more than -20dB. and noise signal waveform in time domain waveform same also shows the advantage of this structure in the signal integrity and power integrity. At last contrast, the eye diagram and the related parameters verifies the structure with signal transmission characteristics and excellent power supply noise suppression characteristics. Study of the planar electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure size The relationship between the parameters and the calculation analysis of electromagnetic characteristics, this paper proposes a EBG integrated design process. According to the design process, fast optimization using the high performance cuckoo realizes automatic design and parameter EBG structure search algorithm. Comparison and analysis according to the optimization results of electromagnetic simulation results, the calculation results pointed out that the fundamental reason of deviation the larger EBG analysis, and proposed the calculation of an improved EBG analytical method. The method firstly builds a RLC equivalent circuit model of EBG structure, and through the SPICE simulation of the model results show that the circuit model is reasonable and effective; then the S parameters of the original EBG structure of the impedance matrix Matlab platform to solve the model based on the analysis of the EBG structure to realize the gap frequency limit is calculated. Finally, through the comparison with HFSS full wave electromagnetic simulation results, the proposed solution Analysis method has a high precision, can make the design and optimization of the structure of EBG is more accurate and reliable. The high speed signal long-distance transmission scheme proposed in this paper and a high-speed serial link modeling and simulation method of ultra wideband via transition structure and electromagnetic band gap structure intelligent optimization algorithm are verified by experiments, successfully used in the video space camera detection system. Moreover, various schemes and methods proposed in this paper is also applicable to other kinds of high speed digital circuit system, and has good application value.

【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN79

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