强脉冲测量系统的研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 02:16

本文选题：电阻分压器 + 罗氏线圈　；参考：《南京信息工程大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,脉冲功率技术有着极其广泛的应用和发展前景。脉冲功率系统中,脉冲信号一般具有峰值高、上升沿和下降沿均很短、主脉宽不长但变化速度快等特点,相应地就需要一个抗电磁干扰能力强、频带宽的脉冲测量系统,但是一般的脉冲测量系统会出现响应慢、带宽不够以及输出波形失真等问题,所以有必要对强脉冲测量系统作进一步的研究。基于脉冲信号的电压测量和电流测量原理,研制电阻分压器和罗氏线圈。首先,分析了电阻分压器和罗氏线圈的测量原理,研究了电阻分压器和罗氏线圈的性能,发现影响电阻分压器性能的主要因素是电阻值和对地分布电容,自积分式的罗氏线圈更适合测量变化迅速、脉宽较窄的脉冲。另外,还研究了电阻分压器的补偿方法,并对罗氏线圈作误差分析。其次,对电阻分压器和罗氏线圈进行电路分析及仿真研究,设计相关的结构参数,制作实物,并运用于脉冲信号的实际测量中,试验结果发现电阻分压器和罗氏线圈的衰减比例与理论值吻合。然后,针对脉冲测量系统输出波形的失真问题,分别采用差分方程法、卷积法做信号处理,为解决反卷积法重构信号时易出现病态问题的现象,对卷积法做改进,改进的卷积法更适用于脉冲信号的波形处理。此外,对于环境以及系统本身引起的干扰,用三种方法对输出信号分别作进一步的去噪处理,去噪结果表明变模态分解法的去噪效果优于小波法和经验模态分解法。最后,把研制的脉冲信号测量系统分别运用于短脉冲发生器、中脉冲发生器以及充电线脉冲发生器的测试电路中,并进行信号处理,得到的信号与脉冲发生器输出信号的特征参数基本吻合。
[Abstract]:In recent years, pulse power technology has a wide range of applications and development prospects.In the pulse power system, the pulse signal usually has the characteristics of high peak value, short rising and descending edges, not long main pulse width but fast changing speed. Accordingly, a pulse measuring system with strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability and frequency bandwidth is needed.However, some problems such as slow response, insufficient bandwidth and distortion of the output waveform will occur in the general pulse measurement system, so it is necessary to further study the strong pulse measurement system.Based on the principle of voltage and current measurement of pulse signal, resistance divider and Roche coil are developed.Firstly, the measuring principle of resistive divider and Roche coil is analyzed, and the performance of resistor divider and Roche coil is studied. It is found that the main factors affecting the performance of resistor divider are resistance value and distributed capacitance to ground.The self-integral Roche coil is more suitable for measuring the pulse with rapid variation and narrow pulse width.In addition, the compensation method of resistor divider is studied, and the error of Roche coil is analyzed.Secondly, the circuit analysis and simulation of resistive voltage divider and Roche coil are carried out, the related structural parameters are designed, and the object is made, which is applied to the actual measurement of pulse signal.The experimental results show that the attenuation ratio of the resistor divider and the Roche coil is in agreement with the theoretical value.Then, the difference equation method and convolution method are used to deal with the distortion of the output waveform of the pulse measurement system. In order to solve the problem that the deconvolution method is prone to the ill-posed problem, the convolution method is improved.The improved convolution method is more suitable for waveform processing of pulse signal.In addition, for the disturbance caused by the environment and the system itself, the output signal is further de-noised by three methods. The denoising results show that the denoising effect of the VMD method is better than that of the wavelet method and the empirical mode decomposition method.Finally, the developed pulse signal measurement system is applied to the test circuit of short pulse generator, medium pulse generator and charging line pulse generator, and the signal processing is carried out.The obtained signal is basically consistent with the characteristic parameters of the output signal of the pulse generator.
【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN78

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