超分辨光学系统成像原理与技术

发布时间：2018-04-15 01:24

本文选题：超分辨 + 光瞳滤波　；参考：《北京理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文旨在探索一种大视场局部超分辨成像系统的设计理念与方法，该系统的成像特点使其能够广泛应用于侦查、救援等领域。达到该目标的主要难点在于：如何实现超分辨，以及如何将超分辨技术与现有的光学设计方法相结合。在对光学超分辨方法广泛调研的基础上，我们选用应用最为广泛的光瞳滤波技术作为实现大视场局部超分辨成像的主要技术途径，研究内容也主要针对光瞳滤波技术展开。本文的主要研究成果如下：（1）光瞳滤波器的结构设计和优化应用Toraldo理论，在Matlab中编写了超分辨光瞳滤波器的优化设计算法，，从而设计得到最优的结构参数（包括各环带的半径及相位透过率）。应用该算法，我们成功地设计了二段式、三段式、四段式以及连续分布式的位相型光瞳滤波器。（2）光学系统及光瞳滤波器的整体超分辨效果仿真我们独立探索出一种应用通用光学设计软件ZEMAX对光瞳滤波器进行建模仿真的方法。通过在常规光学系统的光瞳处引入特殊面形GRID PHASE，可以近似模拟光瞳滤波器对基底光学系统的影响，并由系统点扩散函数获得超分辨的评价指标量值，实现了对带有光瞳滤波器的光学系统的整体分析和仿真。（3）超分辨光学系统的公差分析考虑到实际光瞳滤波器的加工或实验误差，创新性地应用动态数据交换技术在Matlab与ZEMAX间建立通信，对其可能产生的偏心、位置公差、位相公差进行了分析，并编写了相应的计算模拟程序。（4）超分辨实验样机搭建根据设计的超分辨光学系统，进行了合理的实验器件选型，完成光学元件加工、机械结构设计加工，最终在光学平台上实现了超分辨聚焦实验和分辨率板实验，有效验证了超分辨光瞳滤波的技术方法。（5）大视场局部超分辨的实现受到小凹成像的启发，我们创新性提出了机械扫描和光楔扫描实现大视场、局部超分辨成像的方案，克服了超分辨光瞳滤波器引起的旁瓣增强的技术缺陷。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to explore the design idea and method of a large field of view local super-resolution imaging system, which can be widely used in investigation, rescue and other fields because of its imaging characteristics.The main difficulties to achieve this goal are how to achieve superresolution and how to combine the super-resolution technology with the existing optical design methods.Based on the extensive investigation of optical super-resolution methods, we choose the most widely used pupil filtering technology as the main technical approach to realize local super-resolution imaging in large field of view, and the research content is mainly focused on pupil filtering technology.The main research results of this paper are as follows:Structure Design and Optimization of pupil filterBased on Toraldo theory, an optimal design algorithm of super-resolution pupil filter is developed in Matlab, and the optimal structural parameters (including radius of each ring band and phase transmittance) are obtained.Using this algorithm, we successfully design two-stage, three-segment, four-segment and continuous distributed phase pupil filters.Simulation of whole Super-resolution effect of Optical system and pupil filterWe have independently explored a method of modeling and simulation of pupil filter using general optical design software ZEMAX.By introducing a special plane shape GRID PHASE into the pupil of a conventional optical system, the influence of pupil filter on the substrate optical system can be approximately simulated, and the evaluation index value of super-resolution can be obtained from the point diffusion function of the system.The whole analysis and simulation of optical system with pupil filter are realized.Tolerance Analysis of Super-Resolution Optical systemConsidering the processing or experimental error of practical pupil filter, the communication between Matlab and ZEMAX is established innovatively by using dynamic data exchange technology, and the possible eccentricity, position tolerance and phase tolerance are analyzed.The corresponding computer simulation program is written.Construction of Super-Resolution Experimental prototypeAccording to the design of super-resolution optical system, reasonable experimental device selection is carried out, optical element processing and mechanical structure design and machining are completed. Finally, super-resolution focusing experiment and resolution plate experiment are realized on the optical platform.The method of super-resolution pupil filtering is verified effectively.Realization of local superresolution in large field of viewInspired by the concave imaging, we creatively propose a scheme of mechanical scanning and wedge scanning to realize large field of view and local super-resolution imaging, which overcomes the technical defect of sidelobe enhancement caused by super-resolution pupil filter.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN713

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