基于砷化镓吸收式多通道自校准光纤温度监测系统的研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 15:13

本文选题：砷化镓 + 光纤传感　；参考：《广东工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：温度是表征物体冷热程度的物理量,是工业、医药、科学研究等多领域中最重要的测量物理量之一,是工业自动化生产中的关键环节。以热敏电阻、热电偶等用电信号作为工作基础的温度传感器在国民经济、科学研究、国防建设、空间技术中发挥了重大作用。但此类传感器具有易受到电磁干扰和辐射影响等多种缺点。尤其在某些特定领域(如工业生产、石油化工、电力、医学等领域),传统电传感方法在易燃易爆或易受到电磁干扰的环境中进行温度测量时,受到很大程度的限制。随着光纤制造技术、光纤传感技术、信号分析与处理技术的飞速发展,使光纤测温方法逐渐发展为一种新型的测温技术。本文结合光纤测温的技术特点和国内外研究现状,对砷化镓晶体的光学特性进行充分研究,再进一步对砷化镓温度传感技术进行理论分析,设计了一种具有光源波形自校准功能和光谱分析装置自校准功能的砷化镓吸收式多通道光纤温度监测系统。设计的光源波形自校准功能可以消除光源的电流强度的变化和光源所处环境变化对光源强度抖动、波形变化造成温度测量的误差,光谱分析装置自校准功能可以消除光谱分析装置所处环境温度变化带来的光谱测量波长漂移问题,同时本文的多通道光路设计满足多点测量温度的需求。基于砷化镓吸收光谱边缘波长随温度的升高向长波长方向漂移的特性,本文提出了一种适用于本测温系统的光谱解调数据处理方法,消除了背景光谱噪声,消除了光谱分析仪的暗电流散粒噪声、复位噪声、放大器噪声、以及光散粒噪声构成的背景噪声。本方法基于波长调制来解调光谱中的温度信息,可避免测温系统强度变化导致的测量误差,并设计实验进一步验证该解调方法的合理性。本方法采用查询校对表的方式来获取温度值,可减少测温系统的数据运算量,降低测温系统主控单元的功耗,提高测温速度。本数据处理方法在25℃～70℃区间,测量精度小于±0.1℃,在70℃～250℃区间,测量精度小于±0.7℃。实验结果表明,该解调方法解调精度高运算量小满足测温系统需求。为验证本文所设计的测温系统自校准功能的有效性,分别设计了波形自校准对比试验以及光谱分析装置对比试验。实验结果表明,当测温系统在光源强度变化以及系统光源处在不同环境温度时,有波形自校准功能的测温系统能够有效解决上述干扰问题：当光谱分析装置的使用环境温度发生变化时,具有光谱自校准功能的测温系统能够有效消除温度对光谱分析装置带来的波长漂移问题,使系统测温误差更小、精度更高。实验结果表明本文所设计的基于砷化镓吸收式多通道自校准光纤温度检测系统性能较好。本文设计测温系统可以推广在炼油厂、加油站、油库等易燃易爆环境中使用。该系统也同样适用于微波工业中的微波加热、微波化学、大电机定子、轴瓦等设备以及医疗行业中的射频、微波治疗仪、磁共振成像等仪器的温度监测。
[Abstract]:Temperature is a physical quantity, characterization of objects and degree is industry, medicine, one of the most important physical quantity measurement in many fields of scientific research, is a key link in the production of industrial automation. With thermal resistance, thermocouple and other electrical signals as the base temperature sensor in the national economy, scientific research, national defense construction, play a major role in space technology. But this kind of sensor is susceptible to electromagnetic interference and radiation and other shortcomings. Especially in certain areas (such as industrial production, petrochemical, power, medicine and other fields), the traditional electric sensing method for temperature measurement in flammable and explosive or susceptible to electromagnetic interference in the environment, by a large extent limit. With the development of optical fiber manufacturing technology, optical fiber sensing technology, the rapid development of the technology of signal analysis and processing, so that the optical fiber temperature measurement method has gradually developed into a new temperature measurement technology Operation. Optical fiber temperature measurement technology and the research situation at home and abroad this paper fully studied the optical properties of GaAs crystal, further to GaAs temperature sensing technology theory analysis, design of a light source with waveform analysis of self calibration function and spectral device self calibration function of GaAs absorption type multi channel optical fiber temperature monitoring system the source waveform design. Self calibration function can eliminate the current intensity of a light source and the change of light environment change jitter on the intensity of the light source, the temperature measurement error caused by the change of waveform, spectrum analysis device self calibration function can eliminate the problem of spectral analysis of wavelength spectral measurement device of the environment drift caused by temperature change, the design of multi channel light at the same time, the road meet multi point temperature measurement. The absorption spectra of GaAs edge to longer wavelength with increasing temperature based on The characteristics of wavelength demodulation, spectrum data processing method is presented. The temperature measurement system, eliminate the background noise spectrum, spectrum analyzer to eliminate dark current shot noise, noise reduction, amplifier noise, and the shot noise of background noise. The wavelength modulation demodulation spectrum temperature information based on this method, which can avoid the measurement error caused changes in the intensity of temperature measurement system, and the rationality of the design experiments to further verify the demodulation method. This method adopts query gauge approach to obtain the temperature value, can reduce the amount of data operation temperature measurement system, reduce the power consumption of main control unit of the temperature measurement system, improve the measuring speed of processing method. The data in the range of 25 to 70 DEG C, the measurement accuracy is less than 0.1 DEG C, at 70 to 250 DEG C range, the measurement accuracy is less than 0.7 degrees. The experimental results show that the demodulation method and demodulation The demand of high precision temperature measurement system. A small amount of computation to meet the validity of the self calibration function of temperature measurement system designed to validate the designed waveform self calibration experiments and spectral analysis device experiments. The experimental results show that when the temperature measurement system in the intensity of light source and light source system at different ambient temperature, a temperature measurement system waveform of self calibration function can effectively solve the problem of interference: when using spectral analysis device. When the temperature changes, the spectral temperature measurement system with self calibration function can effectively eliminate the temperature on the problem of wavelength drift analysis device brings the light spectrum, the errors of the measurement system is smaller, higher accuracy. The experimental results show that the design of the GaAs multi channel performance of self calibration of optical fiber temperature measurement system based on the better. This paper design of temperature measurement system can be extended in refinery, Gas stations, oil depots and other flammable and explosive environments. This system is also suitable for microwave heating, microwave chemistry, large motor stator, Bush and other equipments in microwave industry, as well as temperature monitoring for RF, microwave therapy apparatus and magnetic resonance imaging instruments in medical industry.

【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP274;TN253

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