目标红外辐射特征与建模仿真技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 05:44

本文选题：红外辐射特性 + 表面温度　；参考：《南京理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：红外成像系统相比雷达系统具有隐蔽性好、抗电磁干扰能力强、体积小、角分辨率高等优点,已广泛应用在军事信息对抗等领域当中。目标探测作为红外成像系统的重要应用之一,也受到广泛的关注。本文对目前红外成像系统目标探测中的三个方面进行研究,分别是目标红外辐射特性、大气红外辐射传输特性以及红外成像系统探测能力。首先从热传递的三种方式出发,分析影响目标表面温度的几个因素,建立热平衡方程,利用拉普拉斯变换方法给出方程的解析解,对一天当中几种物体表面温度随时间的变化进行测量,数据表明太阳照射、气温和相对湿度是影响物体表面温度一天变化的主要原因,理论拟合结果验证了拉普拉斯求解方法的可靠性,误差的来源主要是测量系统误差以及天气变化的不确定性。其次,大气是影响红外目标探测的重要因素,分别从吸收和散射两个角度说明了大气对红外辐射衰减,介绍了LOWTRAN软件的计算原理和工作方式,编写嵌入式调用程序,快速方便地获得大气透过率与大气辐亮度数据,数据表明大气组分是影响大气传输参数的主要因素,大气组分的含量越多,大气衰减越严重。最后再对红外成像系统本身性能进行分析,介绍了红外成像系统的工作原理、系统参数以及几种主要评价指标,重点对红外成像系统作用距离进行推导,指出了用NETD推导作用距离方法的不足,重新从对比度的角度进行推导,提出了一种求解作用距离方程的新方法,提高计算效率,并建立了作用距离计算系统,计算地空探测红外系统作用距离,计算结果符合实际场景的应用。
[Abstract]:Compared with radar system, infrared imaging system has many advantages such as better concealment, stronger anti-electromagnetic interference ability, smaller volume and higher angular resolution. It has been widely used in military information countermeasure and other fields. As one of the important applications of infrared imaging system, target detection has also received extensive attention. In this paper, three aspects of target detection in infrared imaging system are studied, namely the infrared radiation characteristics of the target, the infrared radiation transfer characteristics of the atmosphere and the detection ability of the infrared imaging system. Starting from the three ways of heat transfer, several factors affecting the surface temperature of the target are analyzed, and the heat balance equation is established. The analytical solution of the equation is given by using the Laplace transformation method. The changes of surface temperature over time of several kinds of objects during the day are measured. The data show that solar radiation, air temperature and relative humidity are the main reasons that affect the daily change of surface temperature. The theoretical fitting results verify the reliability of Laplacian solution. The main sources of errors are the measurement system error and the uncertainty of weather change. Secondly, the atmosphere is an important factor affecting the infrared target detection. The attenuation of infrared radiation from the angle of absorption and scattering is explained, the calculation principle and working mode of LOWTRAN software are introduced, and the embedded calling program is written. The data of atmospheric transmittance and atmospheric radiance are obtained quickly and conveniently. The data show that the atmospheric component is the main factor affecting the atmospheric transmission parameters, and the more the atmospheric component content, the more the atmospheric attenuation. Finally, the performance of infrared imaging system is analyzed. The working principle, system parameters and several main evaluation indexes of infrared imaging system are introduced, and the working distance of infrared imaging system is deduced. This paper points out the deficiency of the method of deducing the action distance by using NETD, rededuces it from the angle of contrast, puts forward a new method to solve the action distance equation, improves the calculation efficiency, and establishes the calculation system of the action distance. The operating range of the ground-space detection infrared system is calculated, and the result accords with the application of the actual scene.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN21

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