X波段自相干高功率微波源的研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 10:23

本文选题：高功率微波 + 双同轴环状阴极　；参考：《国防科学技术大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,具有高束波转换效率的高功率微波(HPM)源一般具有较高阻抗,要进一步提高HPM源的单管输出功率不仅要降低器件阻抗并提高功率容量,还要保证工作电流低于空间极限电流。基于以上考虑,该论文提出并研究了X波段自相干高功率微波源,其特点是能够在一个微波源中同时输出两路锁频锁相的高功率微波。该微波源采用了双同轴环状阴极,能够同时发射内外两束同轴环状电子束,同时驱动内外两个子高功率微波源。其优点在于不仅能够降低整体器件阻抗、提高注入电功率的,又能够使每个子微波源工作在高阻抗状态,保证其工作电流不会超过空间极限电流的限制,有利于提高束波转换效率。此外,由于该微波源包含了两个子微波源,其功率容量也相应得到了较大提升。综上所述,该新型器件有望在单管内实现更高的功率输出。X波段自相干高功率的内外子微波源分别采用多波切伦科夫振荡器(MWCG)和三同轴速调管放大器(TKA)。其整体工作过程如下:内子微波源产生的部分微波通过二极管区泄漏进入外子微波源,作为其注入信号,外子微波源会将该注入信号放大,与内子微波源一起产生两路锁频锁相的高功率微波,而后由功率合成结构合成输出。由于这两路相干合成的微波实际上是在一个微波源中产生,因此该新型微波源称为自相干高功率微波源。论文主要研究内容和结论如下:首先,对内外子微波源分别进行了单独设计与模拟分析。粒子模拟结果显示,MWCG在二极管电压687 kV时,输出微波的平均功率为1.15 GW,输出频率9.68GHz,功率效率22.8%;TKA在二极管电压650 kV时,输出微波的平均功率为1.58GW,输出频率为9.68 GHz,功率效率21%,增益22.4 dB。然后,将内外子微波源相结合,并对自相干高功率微波源整体进行了粒子模拟研究。在二极管电压687 kV时,内外子微波源输出微波的平均功率分别为1.20 GW和2.58 GW,频率均为9.72 GHz,功率效率分别为28%和30%,器件整体阻抗36Ω。此外,内外子微波源在30 ns内实现锁频锁相,锁相后频率差波动小于±6 MHz,相位差波动小于±5°,锁相时间超过70 ns。最后,对两路锁频锁相微波进行相干功率合成研究。自相干高功率微波源合成后平均输出功率3.59 GW,频率9.72 GHz,整体功率效率28%。
[Abstract]:At present, the high power microwave (HPM) source with high beam conversion efficiency generally has high impedance. To further improve the single transistor output power of HPM source, it is necessary not only to reduce the device impedance but also to increase the power capacity. Also ensure that the operating current is below the space limit current. Based on the above considerations, an X-band self-coherent high-power microwave source is proposed and studied in this paper. Its characteristic is that it can output two channels of phase-locked high-power microwave simultaneously in a single microwave source. This microwave source adopts a double coaxial ring cathode, which can simultaneously emit two internal and external coaxial ring electron beams, and drive two internal and external high power microwave sources at the same time. The advantages lie in the fact that it can not only reduce the impedance of the whole device and increase the injected electric power, but also make each microwave source operate in a high impedance state, so as to ensure that the working current does not exceed the limit of the space limit current. It is beneficial to improve the efficiency of beam wave conversion. In addition, because the microwave source contains two sub-microwave sources, its power capacity is also greatly improved. In conclusion, the new device is expected to achieve higher power output. X-band self-coherent high power internal and external microwave sources using multi-wave Cherenkov oscillator MWCGs and three-axis klystron amplifier TKAN. The whole working process is as follows: part of the microwave produced by the inner microwave source leaks through the diode region into the exon microwave source, which amplifies the injection signal as its injection signal. Two channels of high power microwave with frequency locked phase are generated together with the inner microwave source, and then the output is synthesized by the power synthesis structure. Because the two channels of coherent microwave are actually generated in a microwave source, the new microwave source is called self-coherent high-power microwave source. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: firstly, the internal and external microwave sources are designed and simulated separately. The particle simulation results show that the average microwave power of MWCG is 1.15 GW, the output frequency is 9.68 GHz, and the power efficiency is 22.8T KA when the diode voltage is 650 kV, when the diode voltage is 687 kV, the average microwave output power is 1.15 GW, and the output frequency is 9.68 GHz. The average power of microwave output is 1.58 GW, the output frequency is 9.68 GHz, the power efficiency is 21 and the gain is 22.4 dB. Then, the particle simulation of self-coherent high power microwave source is carried out by combining the internal and external sub-microwave sources. When the diode voltage is 687 kV, the average microwave power of the internal and external microwave source is 1.20 GW and 2.58 GW respectively, the frequency is 9.72 GHz, the power efficiency is 28% and 30%, and the overall impedance of the device is 36 惟. In addition, the internal and external microwave source realizes the frequency locked phase locking within 30 ns. The frequency difference fluctuation is less than 卤6 MHz, the phase difference fluctuation is less than 卤5 掳, and the phase locking time is more than 70 ns. Finally, the coherent power combination of two frequency locked phase-locked microwave is studied. The average output power is 3.59 GW, the frequency is 9.72 GHz, and the overall power efficiency is 28 GW.
【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN015

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