泵辅助两相散热系统的设计与实验研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 22:17

本文选题：两相散热系统 + 矩形槽道　；参考：《重庆大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着电子元器件及高功率芯片大规模集成化的发展,元器件上的热损耗得到进一步增大,导致其当量热流密度得到显著增加,使其采用传统的风冷或水冷散热方案已经不能满足其散热要求,探寻一种新型的散热解决方案已成为功率电子元器件热管理解决方案的发展趋势。本文针对工程实践中高热流密度离散热源热管理解决方案的特点及现实需求,提出了采用小槽道内相变换热的散热解决方案,设计并搭建了泵辅助相变换热系统,采用循环泵来驱动高温制冷剂R114来解决离散式、高功率电子元器件的散热问题。本文介绍了两相散热实验系统相对于常规蒸汽压缩式制冷系统所具有的优势,并详细地描述了该实验系统的工作原理,即:在储液罐中具有一定过冷度的制冷剂R114,在定容积齿轮泵的驱动下,进入蒸发器对电子元器件进行冷却,使得部分制冷剂发生相变,成为具有一定干度的汽液两相混合物,并在压差的驱动下进入冷凝器进行冷却,使其冷凝成为具有一定过冷度的制冷剂液体,重新流回制冷剂储液罐,从而完成两相散热系统的一次循环。在此基础上,本文设计并选购组成两相散热实验系统所需的齿轮泵、蒸发器和冷凝器三大部件,并详细地讨论了其选型的限制条件和参考因素。齿轮泵选取流量均匀、恒定,没有脉动现象的磁力驱动齿轮泵;冷凝器选用卧式管壳式水冷冷凝器;蒸发器以铝合金为材料采用微铣切割方式,设计并加工出26条1mm×3mm的矩形槽道群。通过对该两相散热系统的实验研究和分析,可得出如下结论:①在阻力特性方面,在单相流动时,矩形槽道的摩擦阻力和雷诺数间近似呈线性关系,摩擦阻力随着雷诺数的增大而增大;两相流动时,在体积流量为28L/h条件下,流体工质在槽道内的两相压降随着加热功率的增大而增大。②在换热特性方面,单相流时在体积流量为80L/h条件下,局部换热系数随电加热片功率的增加基本保持不变;在体积流量为28L/h的两相流动条件下,电加热片区域的局部传热系数随电加热片功率的增大而增大。
[Abstract]:With the development of large scale integration of electronic components and high power chips, the thermal loss on components is further increased, resulting in a significant increase in the equivalent heat flux. The traditional air-cooled or water-cooled heat dissipation schemes can not meet the requirements of heat dissipation. Therefore, it has become a trend to explore a new heat dissipation solution for thermal management of power electronic components. In view of the characteristics and practical requirements of high heat flux discrete heat source heat management solution in engineering practice, this paper proposes a heat dissipation solution using phase change heat transfer in a small channel, and designs and builds a pump assisted phase change heat transfer system. The circulating pump is used to drive the high temperature refrigerant R114 to solve the heat dissipation problem of discrete and high power electronic components. This paper introduces the advantages of the two-phase heat dissipation experimental system compared with the conventional steam compression refrigeration system, and describes the working principle of the experimental system in detail. That is, refrigerant R114with a certain degree of undercooling in a liquid storage tank, driven by a constant volume gear pump, enters the evaporator to cool the electronic components, causing some refrigerants to undergo phase transition and become a vapor-liquid two-phase mixture with a certain degree of dryness. The condenser is driven by differential pressure to be cooled into a refrigerant liquid with a certain degree of undercooling and reflow back to the refrigerant storage tank to complete the first cycle of the two-phase heat dissipation system. On this basis, three parts of gear pump, evaporator and condenser are designed and purchased to form a two-phase heat dissipation experimental system. The limiting conditions and reference factors of their selection are discussed in detail. The gear pump selects the magnetic drive gear pump with uniform flow rate, constant flow rate and no pulsation phenomenon; the condenser adopts horizontal tube and shell type water cooled condenser; the evaporator uses aluminum alloy as the material for micromilling and cutting, 26 rectangular grooves of 1mm 脳 3mm are designed and machined. Through the experimental study and analysis of the two-phase heat dissipation system, it can be concluded that the friction resistance of the rectangular channel is approximately linear to the Reynolds number in the case of single-phase flow. The friction resistance increases with the increase of Reynolds number, and when the volume flow rate is 28L/h, the two-phase pressure drop of the fluid in the channel increases with the increase of heating power, and the heat transfer characteristic increases with the increase of heating power, and when the volume flow rate is 28L/h, the two-phase pressure drop of the fluid in the channel increases with the increase of heating power. When the volume flow rate is 80L/h, the local heat transfer coefficient remains basically unchanged with the increase of the power of the electric heating plate, and when the volume flow rate is 28L/h, the local heat transfer coefficient remains unchanged. The local heat transfer coefficient increases with the increase of electric heating power.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN602

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