表面粗糙度测量数据采集与高斯滤波方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 00:49

本文选题：FPGA + 高斯滤波器　；参考：《哈尔滨理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：表面粗糙度测量是几何量测量领域一项重要内容，直接关系到工件质量的评定。在表面粗糙度测量中，根据传感器形式的不同，有接触式测量和非接触式测量两种形式，但不论哪一种形式，都需要数据采集系统，来获取表面轮廓数据。在获取表面轮廓数据后，根据国际标准ISO11562，需要对表面轮廓进行高斯滤波，来建立表面轮廓中线，分离表面粗糙度轮廓。高斯滤波器是一种应用广泛的时频带宽积最小的滤波器，它的结构复杂，实现起来十分的困难，设计者大都是通过软件来实现高斯滤波器，这种设计方法使信号的处理速度降低，当被处理的信息量过大时，降低了数据处理效率，在很多情况下难以接受。本论文设计了一套基于FPGA的表面轮廓数据采集系统，其中包括FPGA最小系统、USB接口电路、AD转换电路和电源电路等的设计。软件部分采用Verilog语言进行编程，，完成了AD接口模块的设计、USB接口模块的设计、FPGA主控程序的设计等，最后通过仿真软件完成了整个系统的调试。基于FPGA硬件平台基础上，实现了表面轮廓信号处理高斯滤波。通过对高斯滤波器的逼近设计方法研究，确定了级联移动平均滤波器的逼近方法，并设计了FIR型高斯逼近滤波器。在FPGA芯片中对滤波算法进行了硬件实现和算法仿真，验证了设计过程。数据采集系统采用模拟+数字滤波器的抗混叠滤波技术有效消除了表面信号的噪声。通过对实际表面轮廓进行采集，基于FPGA的硬件高斯滤波算法完成了表面轮廓中线的提取，有效地分离出了其中的表面粗糙度轮廓，为后续的表面粗糙度评定奠定了基础。整套系统算法可靠，计算效率高，提高了数据处理速度，具有一定的实用推广价值。
[Abstract]:Surface roughness measurement is an important content in the field of geometric measurement, which is directly related to the evaluation of workpiece quality. In the measurement of surface roughness, according to the different types of sensors, there are two forms of contact measurement and non-contact measurement, but in either form, the data acquisition system is needed to obtain the surface profile data. After obtaining the surface contour data, according to the international standard ISO11562, the surface contour should be filtered by Gao Si to establish the center line of the surface contour and separate the surface roughness profile. Gao Si filter is a widely used filter with minimal time-frequency bandwidth product. Its structure is complex and it is very difficult to implement. The designers mostly use software to realize Gao Si filter. This design method reduces the speed of signal processing and reduces the efficiency of data processing when the amount of information being processed is too large, which is difficult to accept in many cases. In this paper, a surface profile data acquisition system based on FPGA is designed, which includes the design of FPGA minimum system interface circuit, AD converter circuit and power supply circuit. The software part uses Verilog language to program and completes the design of AD interface module. Finally, the whole system is debugged by simulation software. The surface contour signal processing Gao Si filter is realized based on FPGA hardware platform. The approximation method of cascaded moving average filter is determined by studying the approach design method of Gao Si filter, and the Gao Si approximation filter of FIR type is designed. The design process is verified by hardware implementation and algorithm simulation in FPGA chip. The anti-aliasing filtering technique of analog digital filter is used in the data acquisition system to effectively eliminate the noise of surface signal. By collecting the actual surface profile, the hardware Gao Si filter algorithm based on FPGA completes the extraction of the surface contour midline, and effectively separates the surface roughness profile, which lays a foundation for the subsequent evaluation of the surface roughness. The algorithm of the whole system is reliable, the calculation efficiency is high, the data processing speed is improved, and it has certain practical popularization value.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN713;TP274.2

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